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Hydraulic Universal Testing Machine

Hydraulic universal testing machine is a multifunctional tool designed to evaluate the mechanical properties of materials under various stress conditions. Its name comes from its ability to perform multiple types of tests, including tension, compression, and bending. The hydraulic system inside the machine generates the massive force required for testing, making it an ideal choice for heavy-duty applications. These testing machines play a crucial role in ensuring the structural integrity and performance of materials used in industries such as aerospace, construction, and manufacturing. They are designed to provide unparalleled precision, making them indispensable in critical quality control processes.

Our Most Popular Universal Testing Machines

Manual control hydraulic universal testing machine

Model: WEW series, Computer display, 300Kn, 600KN, 1000KN

Feature:

  • Computer display, Manual control
  • Budgetary and practical

Key parameter:

  • Load: 300/600/1000KN
  • Test: Tension, Compression, Bending
  • Columns: 6 pcs
Details

Hydraulic servo universal testing machine

Model: WAW series, Computer control, 300Kn, 600KN, 1000KN

Feature:

  • Computer control, hydraulic servo
  • Robust & Durable

Key parameter:

  • Load: 300/600/1000KN
  • Test: Tension, Compression, Bending
  • Columns: 6 pcs
Details

Economical Digital Hydraulic Testing Machine

Model: WES series 300Kn, 600KN, 1000KN

Feature:

  • Digital display
  • Economical and practical

Key parameter:

  • Load: 300/600/1000KN
  • Test: Tension, Compression, Bending
Details

7-wire steel strand tensile testing machine ISO 6934-4

Model: LW series, Computer control, 600KN, 1000KN

Feature:

  • Computer control, hydraulic servo
  • Robust & Durable

Key parameter:

  • Load: 600/1000KN
  • Test: Tension, Compression
  • Columns: 6 pcs
Details

Steel strand tensile stress relaxation testing machine

Model: LW-R series, Computer control, 300KN, 500KN

Feature:

  • Computer control, hydraulic servo
  • Robust & Durable

Key parameter:

  • Load: 300/500KN
  • Test: tensile stress relaxation
Details

Static load anchorage testing machine

Model: UT1060, Computer control, 5000KN

Feature:

  • Computer control, hydraulic servo
  • Double rod hydraulic cylinder

Key parameter:

  • Load: 5000KN
  • Test: Static load anchorage
  • Tension distance: ≥ 3000mm
Details

What is the hydraulic universal testing machine?

Hydraulic Universal Testing Machine (HUTM) is a high-precision mechanical property testing device based on hydraulic transmission technology. It is capable of performing a full range of mechanical tests (tensile, compression, bending, shear, etc.) on metallic and non-metallic materials, and is widely used in quality inspection, scientific research, and industrial production. Below is a detailed breakdown of its core attributes, supplemented with tables for clarity.


Hydraulic UTM.jpg



Working Principle

Hydraulic Universal Testing Machine operates on the core logic of "hydraulic transmission + closed-loop control", integrating four key systems to achieve precise load application and data acquisition:
Power Generation: An electric motor drives a hydraulic pump to convert electrical energy into hydraulic pressure. Hydraulic oil is filtered and delivered to the hydraulic cylinder.
Load Application: The hydraulic cylinder pushes/pulls the piston to drive the testing machine’s crosshead, and the grippers clamp the specimen to apply tensile or compressive load.
Closed-Loop Control: A force sensor (load cell) real-time collects load signals and feeds them back to the controller. The controller adjusts the servo valve opening to regulate hydraulic oil flow, ensuring accurate load control (constant load, constant displacement, constant strain).
Data Acquisition & Processing: Extensometers and displacement sensors measure specimen deformation and piston movement. Signals are digitized and transmitted to an industrial computer, which generates stress-strain curves, calculates mechanical parameters (tensile strength, yield strength, elongation), and stores/test reports.


Key Advantages of Hydraulic UTM


Advantage

Detailed Explanation

High Load Capacity

Can deliver ultra-high loads (up to 2000kN or even 5000kN),   suitable for testing heavy-duty specimens (e.g., bridge steel strands, large   metal components) that exceed the load limit of electronic universal testing   machines.

Excellent Stability & Rigidity

The frame is made of welded steel structure or integral cast iron   with a four-column design, minimizing lateral deformation under high loads   and ensuring test accuracy.

Versatile Functionality

Interchangeable fixtures (grippers, bending rollers, shear jigs)   enable tensile, compression, bending, shear, and creep tests without   additional dedicated equipment.

High Measurement Precision

Equipped with high-precision load cells (static accuracy ±0.5% FS)   and extensometers (deformation resolution 0.001mm), compliant with GB, ISO,   ASTM, and other international standards.

Durability & Low Maintenance

Hydraulic components have a long service life; the closed   hydraulic system reduces wear, and routine maintenance only requires periodic   oil changes and filter cleaning.


Hydrauylic UTM Classification

Classification            

Specific Types

Key Features

Control 

Mode

Digital Display (LCD)

Simple operation with LCD screen for basic data display; ideal for routine low-precision tests.

Computer-Controlled 

(Semi-Automatic)                             

Connects to a computer for curve plotting and data storage; supports basic automated testing.

Microcomputer-Controlled 

(Fully   Automatic)

Full digital closed-loop control;   automates test procedures, data analysis, and report generation; suitable for high-precision/batch testing.

Load Capacity

300kN,   600kN, 1000kN, 2000kN, etc.

300kN/600kN for conventional metal materials; 1000kN+ for large structural components (e.g., steel beams, concrete blocks).

Gripping 

Method

Manual Gripping

Low cost, manual operation; suitable for small-batch, simple specimen testing.

Hydraulic Gripping

Hydraulically driven clamping with uniform force; prevents specimen slipping; ideal for high-strength/large-diameter specimens (e.g., steel bars).

Structural 

Type

Type A (Upper Cylinder)

Obsolete design with poor stability under high loads.

Type B/C/D (Lower Cylinder) 

Mainstream design; Type D features a gap-elimination mechanism for minimal test error.


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2000KN D type frame

1000KN C type frame

Hydraulic power unit

(NACHI Pump + MOOG servo valve)


Main Applications of Hydraulic UTMs in Industry

HUTM’s high load capacity and versatility make it indispensable across industries:

1 Metallurgy & Mechanical Manufacturing

  • Raw material inspection: Tensile/bending tests on steel plates, aluminum alloys, and round steel to verify yield strength and cold bending performance (compliant with GB/T 228).

  • Finished product testing: Tensile/shear tests on fasteners (bolts, nuts); compression/fatigue tests on gears and shafts; weld joint strength testing.

2 Construction & Building Materials

  • Steel reinforcement/steel strand testing: Tensile/yield tests on HRB400/HRB500 rebars; breaking load tests on prestressed steel strands.

  • Concrete/stone testing: Compressive strength tests on concrete cubes/prisms; bending/compression tests on marble/granite.

  • Building connectors: Tensile tests on embedded parts, expansion bolts, and chemical anchors.

3 Aerospace & Defense

  • Aerospace material testing: High-temperature tensile tests on aircraft engine blades (titanium alloy/7075 aluminum alloy); interlaminar shear tests on carbon fiber composites for fuselages.

  • Aerospace component testing: Compression stability tests on rocket body structures; static load tests on satellite brackets.

  • Military equipment testing: Impact compression tests on armor plates; fatigue tests on gun components.

4 Automotive & Rail Transit

  • Auto parts: Tensile/bending tests on frame beams and anti-collision bars; radial fatigue tests on aluminum alloy wheels.

  • Rail transit: Tensile/bending tests on high-speed rail steel rails; compression tests on subway carriage aluminum profiles.

5 Scientific Research & Education

  • University teaching: Basic material mechanics experiments (tensile/compression contrast tests on mild steel/cast iron) for mechanical/civil engineering majors.

  • Research institutes: Exploratory tests on new materials (biocomposites, nano-reinforced materials); mechanical property tests under extreme environments (low temperature/high pressure).

6 Commodity Inspection & Third-Party Testing

  • Import/export material inspection: Compliance testing of imported steel (ASTM/ISO standards) and exported aluminum profiles.

  • Quality arbitration: Third-party re-inspection for material quality disputes (e.g., substandard rebar strength) to issue legally valid reports.


Corresponding Standards

ISO 15835 Steel Rebar Reinforcement couplers tensile test

ISO 15835-1:2009 specifies requirements for reinforcement couplers, hereafter called couplers, to be used for splicing of steel reinforcing bars. For couplers to be used for mechanical splices in reinforced concrete structures under predominantly static loads and additional requirements for couplers to be used in structures subject to high cycle elastic fatigue loading and/or to low cycle elastic-plastic reverse loading.

ISO 15835-1:2009 is intended to be applicable in relation to the various reinforced concrete design standards as well as in relation to the various standards for steel reinforcing bars. also provides directions for the evaluation of conformity of couplers.

ISO 6892-1 Metallic materials - Tensile testing

ISO 6892 specifies the method for tensile testing of metallic materials and defines the mechanical properties which can be determined at room temperature.  Related standard ASTM E8 , JIS Z2241 Method of tensile test for metallic materials.

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