Information on the most widely used ASTM standards within the materials testing industry
ISO 8513 GRP FRP Pipe Longitudinal Tensile Strength Tester | UnitedTest
UnitedTest manufactures precision ISO 8513-compliant universal tensile testing machines engineered for glass-reinforced thermosetting plastic (GRP / FRP) pipe manufacturers, pipeline engineering labs and third-party plastic piping certification facilities. Our test equipment fully supports standardized specimen clamping and tensile loading workflows defined by ISO 8513 for longitudinal mechanical property evaluation of fiberglass pipe walls.
ISO 8513 Plastics piping systems — Glass-reinforced thermosetting plastics (GRP) pipes — Test methods for the determination of the initial longitudinal tensile strength establishes a standardized tensile loading procedure to quantify two key longitudinal mechanical indicators of GRP / FRP pipeline materials: initial longitudinal tensile strength and percentage ultimate elongation at break.
This standard exclusively focuses on measuring tensile breaking force and fracture elongation of GRP pipe specimens. It clearly excludes longitudinal tensile modulus testing from its scope. The multi-layer composite wall construction of GRP pipes creates inconsistent strain distribution across the pipe cross-section, which prevents accurate, reliable strain measurement required for valid modulus calculation.
Test data generated by UnitedTest’s ISO 8513 tensile testers enables pipeline producers to verify fiberglass resin formulation performance, control winding layer consistency during pipe extrusion and filament winding production, validate pipe structural compliance for water, sewage and industrial fluid piping projects, and conduct batch quality inspection of finished GRP pipeline products.
Test Principle
A GRP specimen (strip or full pipe section) is mounted axially in the tensile machine.
Cross-heads separate at a constant low speed to apply uniform longitudinal tensile load until specimen fracture occurs within a reasonable test duration.
Record two key raw data sets throughout loading:
Maximum breaking tensile force (F, N)
Cross-head displacement at fracture (to compute ultimate elongation percentage)
Two Specific Test Methods & Application Scope
| Method A: Longitudinal Strip Specimen Test | Specimen form: Rectangular parallel-sided strip or dumbbell-shaped strip cut longitudinally from the GRP pipe wall Applicable pipe types & nominal diameters (DN): Circumferentially wound GRP pipes (with chopped glass, woven rovings or fillers), centrifugally cast GRP pipes: DN ≥ 50 Helically filament-wound GRP pipes: DN ≥ 200 Typical usage: Large-diameter GRP pipes above DN150/DN200 where full-pipe-section testing (Method B) exceeds tensile machine load capacity
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| Method B: Full Pipe Section Test | Specimen form: Complete uncut GRP pipe segment retaining full circular cross-section Applicable pipe types: All GRP pipe manufacturing types (circumferential, helical winding, centrifugal casting); primary use for DN ≤ 150 small/medium GRP pipes
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Test Specimen
Method A — Strip specimen
Length: 300 ± 15 mm.
Two shape options:
Shaped (dumbbell) strip — gauge length lG = 100–150 mm, radius R = 50–70 mm, gauge width bG = 10 ± 1 mm (DN ≤ 150) or 25 ± 1 mm (DN > 150); total width b = 18 ± 2 mm (DN ≤ 150) or 40 ± 2 mm (DN > 150).
Parallel‑sided (rectangular) strip — gauge width bG = 10 ± 1 mm (DN ≤ 150) or 25 ± 1 mm (DN > 150); the gauge length is the non‑built‑up area between the grips.
For thick‑wall pipes, widths may be reduced to fit the testing machine capacity (this yields a more conservative strength indication).
Built‑up ends (optional, per 2023 edition): the grip ends may be thickened with a thermosetting resin (with or without reinforcement), then machined flat and parallel so that the centroid of the gauge‑length cross‑section lies on the machine's loading centreline.
Method B — Pipe‑section specimen
Full pipe section, minimum length 450 mm.
Internal core support may be used for thin‑walled pipes to prevent buckling.
Metallic tabs (e.g., aluminium pipe sections) bonded with glass‑fibre fabric tape and thermosetting resin can reinforce the grip zone.
Test Equipment of ISO 8513 Longitudinal tensile test for Glass-reinforced thermosetting plastic pipe
| Universal Testing Machine (UTM) | Constant-rate cross-head tensile testing machine Fixed/moving cross-head with aligned grips to ensure specimen longitudinal axis matches tensile load direction, no lateral offset Continuous, adjustable constant cross-head travel speed (2–5 mm/min for all tests) Force measurement system with ≤ ±1% full-scale accuracy, low inertia lag to record peak fracture force (in Newtons) Cross-head displacement tracking to calculate ultimate elongation. |
| Specialized Grips | For Method A strip samples: Flat clamping grips; manufacturers may build-up specimen ends with reinforced thermoset resin to prevent crushing/slippage For Method B full pipe segments: Segmented wedge grips matched with internal mandrels; thin-wall pipes require metal reinforcing bands around gripped zones Grip requirement: Zero slip, no localized crushing that invalidates tensile failure results. |
Mandatory Test Parameters & Stipulations:
| Loading rate | Constant cross‑head speed of 2–5 mm/min. |
| Force recording | Record forces and corresponding elongations at appropriate intervals; capture the maximum force in newtons. |
| Specimen alignment | Axial alignment must coincide with the pull direction; grips tightened uniformly to prevent slip. |
| Rejected tests | Discard specimens that slipped in the grips or ruptured outside the gauge length; repeat with replacement specimens. (If such failures do occur, they may be included if the resulting average strength increases.) |
| Measurements | - Method A: wall thickness e and widths b and bG at the centre of the gauge length, to nearest 0.1 mm. - Method B: internal or external diameter and average wall thickness (three measurements equally spaced around the circumference at both ends). |
| Ultimate elongation | Calculated for each specimen and averaged across all specimens. |
Step-by-Step Test Procedure of ISO 8513 Longitudinal tensile test for Glass-reinforced thermosetting plastic pipe
Pre-test dimension measurement
Method A: Measure wall thickness e, gauge width bG at the exact center of the specimen gauge length (0.1 mm precision)
Method B: Measure internal/external diameter and wall thickness at three equally spaced circumferential positions on both pipe ends to calculate average wall thickness and mean diameter dm
Specimen mounting & alignment
Insert specimen into machine grips, adjust clamping force uniformly to eliminate axial misalignment and prevent slippage during tension.
Controlled tensile loading
Activate cross-head movement at 2–5 mm/min constant speed; continuously log applied force and cross-head displacement data at regular intervals until full fracture. Record the absolute maximum tensile force sustained before breakage.
Invalid specimen screening & retesting
Remove slipped specimens and samples fractured outside gauge length, prepare new identical specimens and repeat full test sequence.
Post-test data computation
Calculate individual and average longitudinal tensile strength, individual and average percentage ultimate elongation, plus standard deviation of results if required.
Industry Fields & Applications
GRP pipes are widely used where corrosion resistance, light weight, and high specific strength are essential. The ISO 8513 test serves the following industries:
Water & wastewater: potable water transmission, municipal/industrial sewage systems, irrigation.
Marine & offshore: seawater flood, injection, and disposal lines; cooling‑water intake.
Oil & gas: natural gas lines up to 8.3 MPa / 66 °C; process flow lines.
Chemical processing: pumping of corrosive liquids and slurries (especially GRE — glass‑reinforced epoxy — pipes).
Fire extinguishing systems.
Power generation: cooling‑tower water intake, plant process piping.
Infrastructure: buried pipelines, thrust‑block design at bends and fittings, anchorage for underwater installation.
In design codes like EN 1796, initial longitudinal tensile strength is a mandatory property — it governs two design cases: (a) pipes that must resist internal pressure acting on a closed end, and (b) pipes that need not resist such pressure. The short‑term safety factor for case (a) is about 2.8. Hence, ISO 8513 data directly feeds into product specification, quality control, and structural design of GRP piping systems.
Related Test Standard:
| ISO 8513 | Plastics piping systems — Glass-reinforced thermosetting plastics (GRP) pipes — Test methods for the determination of the initial longitudinal tensile strength |
| EN 1393 | Glass-reinforced thermosetting plastics (GRP) pipes - Determination of initial longitudinal tensile properties |
| JIS K 7033 | Plastics piping systems -- Pipes made of glass-reinforced thermosetting plastics (GRP) -- Determination of initial tensile properties |
| ASTM D2105 | Standard Test Method for Longitudinal Tensile Properties of “Fiberglass” (Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Thermosetting-Resin) Pipe and Tube |
| ISO 527-4/ISO 527-5 | Plastics – Tensile properties – Part 4: Test conditions for isotropic/orthotropic fiber-reinforced plastic composites Plastics – Tensile properties – Part 5: Test conditions for unidirectional fiber-reinforced plastic composites |
| EN 1796 | European product standard for GRP pipes that cites initial longitudinal tensile strength requirements; design basis for safety factors. |
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Related products and device
Related Standard
ASTM D2105 Standard Test Method for Longitudinal Tensile Properties of "Fiberglass" (Glass‑Fiber‑Reinforced Thermosetting‑Resin) Pipe and Tube
ASTM D2105 determine the comparative longitudinal tensile properties of a fiberglass pipe specimen by pulling it in axial tension to failure under defined conditioning, temperature, and machine‑crosshead‑speed conditions.
ISO 527-4 and ISO 527-5 are two key standards within the ISO 527 series for determining the tensile properties of fibre-reinforced plastic composites.
ISO 527-4 covers the general principles and tests for isotropic and orthotropic materials. ISO 527-5 provides specific procedures for testing unidirectional fiber-reinforced composites.
These standards are critically important because they provide a unified, reliable method to measure fundamental mechanical properties (like tensile strength, modulus, and strain) which are essential for material selection, quality control, structural design, and R&D in aerospace, automotive, wind energy, and sports equipment industries.
ASTM D4521 is specifically for corrugated fiberboard (corrugated cardboard) and solid fiberboard used in packaging. It measures only the static (starting) coefficient of friction — not kinetic/sliding COF.
ASTM D1037 - Standard Test Methods for Evaluating Properties of Wood-Base Fiber and Particle Panel Materials
ASTM D1037 test methods cover the determination of the properties of wood-base fiber and particle panel materials that are produced as mat-formed panels such a particleboard, medium density fiberboard, hardboard, and oriented strand board.
ASTM D1037 test methods cover small-specimen tests for wood-base fiber and particle panel materials that are made to provide: Data for comparing the mechanical and physical properties of various materials,
Data for determining the influence on the basic properties of such factors as raw material and processing variables, post-treatments of panels, and environmental influences, and
Data for manufacturing control, product research and development, and specification acceptance.
ISO 14125 is a test method to determine flexure properties of fiber-reinforced plastic composites.
There are two methods used, Method A for a three-point flexure test and Method B for a four-point flexure test.
There are four material classes, Class I – IV, which define the specimen length, span, width, and thickness.
The standard requires deflection measurement not exceed +/- 1% error of full scale.
ISO 14125 is based on the ISO 178 standard and both utilize three point flexural testing of a freely supported bar loaded between the supports.
ISO 14125 focuses on fibre reinforced plastic compositesand has an alternative 4-point loading testing procedure, Procedure B.
The material properties recorded by following the standard are the flexural stress, flexural strain, elastic modulus in flexure and interlaminar shear modulus.
Compression-testing machine which will comply with ISO 5893 and shall be capable of maintaining speeds of (0.5 +- 20 %) mm/min to (500 +- 10 %) mm/min.
ISO 14126 Compression test Fibre-reinforced plastic composites — Determination of compressive properties in the in-plane direction
The ISO 14126 and ASTM D3410 standards describe the shear loading compression test on composites. The objective of this standard test method is the determination of compressive properties in laminate planes.
For this method, the compression force is transmitted via shear forces to the specimen, which is secured in the test fixture and usually includes cap strips. Homogeneous stress distribution is achieved if there is sufficient grip-to-grip separation in the unsupported center area of the specimen.
One of the benefits provided is axial guidance of the specimen during the test, as well as the elimination of force application via the end faces. This eliminates the need for high-precision preparation of the specimen end faces.
ISO 8513 GRP Pipe Longitudinal Tensile Test FAQs
ISO 8513 Tensile Testing Machine & GRP Pipe Longitudinal Tensile Test Solutions by UnitedTest
UnitedTest is a leading manufacturer of universal tensile testing machines and specialized fixtures for ISO 8513 — the international standard for determining the initial longitudinal tensile strength of glass-reinforced thermosetting plastics (GRP) pipes. Whether you are a GRP pipe producer, a third-party laboratory, or a water/wastewater engineering company, UnitedTest delivers turnkey testing systems that fully comply with the apparatus and procedure requirements of ISO 8513.
Q1: What is ISO 8513? Why is this test critical for GRP pipes?
A1: ISO 8513 defines two standardized test methods to measure initial longitudinal tensile strength (N/mm circumference) and ultimate elongation (%) of glass-reinforced thermosetting plastic (GRP/FRP) pipes.
This test is indispensable for three core reasons:
Pipeline structural safety: Buried GRP pipes bear axial loads from soil settlement, thermal expansion, bending and internal fluid pressure. Insufficient longitudinal tensile strength causes pipe cracking, rupture or pipeline collapse.
Manufacturing QC control: Variations in glass fiber winding angle, resin curing, fiber content or wall thickness directly reduce tensile performance; ISO 8513 testing identifies defective pipes before delivery.
Global compliance certification: Municipal drainage, chemical, oil & gas pipeline projects worldwide require ISO 8513 test reports as mandatory acceptance documentation.
Q2: What two test methods does ISO 8513 specify, and how do I choose Method A vs Method B?
A2: Method A (Strip Specimen Test): Cut longitudinal dumbbell/rectangular strips from pipe wall.
Applicable range: DN ≥50 circumferentially-wound/centrifugal cast GRP pipes; DN ≥200 helically-wound GRP pipes. Ideal for large-diameter pipes over DN150 where full pipe sections exceed machine load limits.
Method B (Full Pipe Section Test): Test complete uncut pipe segments (minimum 450mm length).
Applicable range: All GRP pipe types, primary use for DN ≤150 small/medium pipes. Annex A adds anti-buckling solutions for thin-wall helical wound pipes.
Rule of thumb: Both methods carry equal validity, but test results cannot be cross-replaced numerically. Select per product specification standard requirements.
Q3: Does ISO 8513 measure tensile modulus of GRP pipes?
A3: No. The standard explicitly excludes longitudinal tensile modulus testing. Multi-layer GRP laminate walls create uneven strain distribution, making accurate modulus measurement impossible under ISO 8513 procedures. If modulus data is required, users must reference ISO 527-4 (isotropic/orthotropic composites) and ISO 527-5 (unidirectional fiber composites)
Q4: What special grips does ISO 8513 require for Method B full pipe sections?
A4: Standard segmented wedge grips paired with internal mandrels (Figure 1 in standard). For thin-walled helical wound pipes (Annex A), add:
Internal core support to stop pipe buckling before tensile failure
Bonded metallic aluminium reinforcing tabs on gripped zones to eliminate grip crushing failure
Q5: What testing machine meets full ISO 8513 compliance? Can UnitedTest supply this equipment?
A5: ISO 8513 requires constant-rate cross-head tensile testers with ≤±1% force measurement accuracy, adjustable 2–5 mm/min speed, specialized pipe grips, and displacement tracking for elongation calculation.
UnitedTest is a professional manufacturer fully supplying ISO 8513-compliant GRP longitudinal tensile testing machines:
Custom segmented pipe mandrel grips for Method B full pipe testing
Flat reinforced grips + resin-built sample fixtures for Method A strip specimens
0.5-grade precision force sensor, servo closed-loop speed control matching 2–5 mm/min test range
Dedicated test software auto-calculates ISO 8513 strength & elongation formulas and generates standard-compliant test reports
Custom load capacities (10kN–600kN) for DN50~DN1500 GRP pipes, thin-wall anti-buckling core accessories per Annex A
Q6: Which industries perform ISO 8513 GRP tensile testing?
A6: Primary industrial fields:
Municipal infrastructure: Sewer, drainage, potable water GRP pipeline factories & inspection labs
Chemical & petrochemical: Corrosive fluid transport FRP pipe manufacturers
Agriculture: Large-diameter irrigation GRP transmission pipes
Oil & gas: Underground non-metallic gathering pipelines
Marine/offshore, construction fire protection piping
Third-party certification laboratories, university composite material R&D labs
Q7. How should thick-wall or thin-wall pipes be handled?
A7: Thick-wall pipes: specimen width may be reduced to fit the testing machine capacity (this gives a more conservative strength indication); the cut cross-section sides may be clamped; built-up ends are recommended for even force distribution .
Thin-wall helically-wound pipes (Annex A): an internal core support prevents buckling; metallic tabs (e.g., aluminium pipe sections) bonded with glass-fibre fabric tape and thermosetting resin reinforce the grip zone; the tape build-up should taper over ~30 mm .
Q8: Why Choose UnitedTest ISO 8513 GRP Pipe Tensile Test Machine for Lab QC & Certification?
A8: Looking for reliable ISO 8513:2023 test equipment to verify longitudinal tensile properties of your GRP fiberglass pipes? UnitedTest, a specialized manufacturer of plastic and composite pipe testing machines, delivers fully standard-compliant tensile testers optimized for ISO 8513 Method A strip tests and Method B full pipe section tests.
Many GRP pipe manufacturers struggle with inaccurate tensile data, grip slippage, thin pipe buckling, and non-compliant test reports when using generic universal testers. UnitedTest solves all ISO 8513 testing pain points with industry-exclusive upgrades:
Custom segmented wedge mandrel grips designed per ISO 8513 Figure 1, zero slip/crushing for full pipe segments up to DN150
Reinforced flat grip fixtures with resin-built sample holders for dumbbell strip specimens (Method A)
Annex A anti-buckling internal core kits for thin-wall helically filament-wound GRP pipes to avoid premature collapse before tensile rupture
Software pre-programmed with ISO 8513 strength calculation formulas, auto-generates audit-ready test reports matching Clause 11 reporting requirements
Servo closed-loop drive system locking constant 2–5 mm/min cross-head speed, eliminating test speed deviation violations
Our ISO 8513 tensile testing machines serve global clients across sewage GRP pipe production, chemical corrosion-resistant FRP pipeline, oil & gas non-metallic pipe, and agricultural irrigation composite pipe sectors. All equipment meets ISO 7500-1 force accuracy standards, carries CE certification, and supports third-party calibration for laboratory certification compliance.
If you need a complete GRP pipe testing laboratory solution, UnitedTest also supplies matching dimension measuring devices, environmental conditioning chambers, ring stiffness testers, and hydrostatic pressure testing machines, fully aligned with international plastic piping standards including ISO 8513, ISO 7685, ISO 527 series.
Contact UnitedTest today for customized load capacity selection, grip configuration design, and free ISO 8513 test procedure technical support for your GRP pipe quality control lab.
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