Information on the most widely used ASTM standards within the materials testing industry
Model: UT2110R-C94, UL 94, IEC 60695-11-10, ISO 1210, ISO 9773
A UL94 horizontal vertical flame tester (also called a UL94 vertical and horizontal flame tester, UL94 flammability test chamber, or UL94 HB / V-0 burn test machine) is a laboratory testing instrument used to evaluate the ignition resistance, burning rate, flame spread speed, and flammability rating of plastic, rubber, foam, and other non‑metallic materials under a controlled flame source .
UnitedTest designs and manufactures the UL94 horizontal vertical flame test chamber to perform both horizontal burning tests (UL94 HB) and vertical burning tests (UL94 V-0, V-1, V-2, HB) in one integrated cabinet, making it the ideal solution for plastics manufacturers, wire and cable producers, automotive interior suppliers, electronics component factories, and third‑party testing laboratories.
Conform with standard:
IEC 60695-11-10 Fire hazard testing - Part 11-10: Test flames; 50 W horizontal and vertical flame test methods
UL 94 Standard for Tests for Flammability of Plastic Materials for Parts in Devices and Appliances
ISO 1210, ISO 9773
General introduction
Professional UL94 Horizontal Vertical Flame Tester Manufacturer – UnitedTest Plastic Flammability Test Chamber Supplier
What Is a UL94 Horizontal Vertical Flame Tester?
A UL94 horizontal vertical flame tester (also called a UL94 vertical and horizontal flame tester, UL94 flammability test chamber, or UL94 HB / V-0 burn test machine) is a laboratory testing instrument used to evaluate the ignition resistance, burning rate, flame spread speed, and flammability rating of plastic, rubber, foam, and other non‑metallic materials under a controlled flame source .
UnitedTest designs and manufactures the UL94 horizontal vertical flame test chamber to perform both horizontal burning tests (UL94 HB) and vertical burning tests (UL94 V-0, V-1, V-2, HB) in one integrated cabinet, making it the ideal solution for plastics manufacturers, wire and cable producers, automotive interior suppliers, electronics component factories, and third‑party testing laboratories.
UT2110R-C94 UL94 Vertical and Horizontal Flame Tester is used to test and evaluate the burning characteristics of plastic materials. It’s designed and manufactured according to the provisions of the US UL94 standard and the IEC 60695-11-10 Fire hazard testing - Part 11-10: Test flames; 50 W horizontal and vertical flame test methods, GBT 2408 standard "Test for Flammability of Plastic Materials for Parts in Devices and Appliances."
It can perform horizontal and vertical flammability tests on plastic parts of devices and appliances, and comes with a gas flow meter to adjust the flame size. It’s simple and safe to operate. This instrument can assess the flammability of materials or foam plastics, such as V-0, V-1, V-2, and HB ratings. It’s equipped with lighting, an exhaust system, a gas flow control valve, gas pressure gauge, gas pressure regulator, gas flow meter, and a U-shaped gas manometer. The sample clamps are made of 304 stainless steel, making them durable and corrosion-resistant. The clamps are designed for both horizontal and vertical burning tests in one unit, making operation convenient and saving space.
Key Features
IEC 60695-11-10 Fire hazard testing - Part 11-10: Test flames; 50 W horizontal and vertical flame test methods
UL 94 Standard for Tests for Flammability of Plastic Materials for Parts in Devices and Appliances
ISO 1210 Plastics; determination of the burning behaviour of horizontal and vertical specimens in contact with a small-flame ignition source
GB/T 2408 Plastics—Determination of burning characteristics—Horizontal and vertical test
ISO 9773 Plastics; determination of burning behaviour of flexible vertical specimens in contact with a small-flame ignition source
GB/T 40302 Plastics—Determination of burning behaviour of thin flexible vertical specimens in contact with a small-flame ignition source
The UnitedTest UL94 horizontal vertical combustion tester is suitable for determining the flammability properties such as flammable properties, burning rate, flame spread speed, burning intensity, and flammability resistance of products , including:
Plastic raw materials – ABS, PC, PC/ABS, PA, PBT, PP, PE, PVC
Electronic & electrical components – enclosures, connectors, insulators
Wire and cable jacketing and insulating materials
Automotive interior plastics and cabin non‑metallic parts
Rubber materials – tested per vertical burning method
Foamed / cellular plastics and flexible thin films (optional VTM fixtures)
Textiles and non‑woven fabrics requiring flame resistance validation
Dual‑mode testing – Horizontal (HB) and vertical (V‑0/V‑1/V‑2) tests performed in a single chamber
Adjustable burner angles – 0°, 20°, 45° manual or programmable switching to meet different test methods
Precise Bunsen burner – Φ9.5 ± 0.3 mm inner diameter, 100 mm length, compliant with ASTM D5025; optional wing‑tip burner per ASTM D4986
Controlled flame height – 20 mm to 175 mm (or up to 200 mm) adjustable, 50W and 500W flame calibration per ASTM D5207
Large observation window – dark background, illuminance ≤20 Lux, easy to observe burning state
Spacious test chamber – ≥0.5 m³ (optional 0.75, 1 m³), stainless steel or electrostatic spray coated steel
Top exhaust system – silent, anti‑backflow smoke extraction fan removes combustion gases after test
Universal specimen fixtures – includes UL94 HB holder (with/without support), vertical V holder, and 5V plate holder
Accurate timing system – 0–999.9 s range, precision ±0.1 s, records after‑flame time (AF) and after‑glow time (AG)
Gas control – imported pressure regulator (e.g. Marsh Bellofram), rotor flow meter, methane or LPG compatible
Safety design – back‑fire valve required, glass observation door, emergency stop
Horizontal Burning Test (UL94 HB)
Specimen (typically 125 mm × 13 mm) is mounted horizontally on a rack, ignited at one end with a 20 mm flame for 30 s (or until flame front reaches a mark). The burning rate (mm/min) is calculated from the travel time between two reference marks. Materials are classified as HB if they self‑extinguish below the threshold rate.
Vertical Burning Test (UL94 V‑0, V‑1, V‑2)
Specimen is clamped vertically, exposed to a 20 mm flame for two applications of 10 s each. The after‑flame time and after‑glow time are recorded. A sample of cotton is placed 300 mm below to detect flaming drips. Ratings:
V‑0: total AF ≤50 s, no flaming drips igniting cotton
V‑1: total AF ≤250 s, no flaming drips igniting cotton
V‑2: total AF ≤250 s, flaming drips allowed
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Main Technical Specification
| Inner dimensions of the box | 770*650*1010mm, with a glass observation door |
| Timer | uses an imported timer, adjustable within 0 ~ 99 min 99 sec, accuracy ±0.1 sec, burn time can be set and burn duration can be recorded |
| Flame application time | adjustable from 0 ~ 99 min 99 sec |
| After-flame time | adjustable from 0 ~ 99 min 99 sec |
| After-glow time | adjustable from 0 ~ 99 min 99 sec |
| Test gas | methane/natural gas with over 98% purity (liquefied gas also acceptable) |
| Burning angle | adjustable to 20°, 45°, 90° (i.e., 0°) |
| Burner size parameters | uses imported burner, nozzle inner diameter Ø9.5±0.3mm, effective nozzle length 100±10mm, with air adjustment hole |
| Metal mesh | square with a side length of 125mm, mesh made of 0.45mm diameter steel wire with 0.7mm openings |
| Sample alignment | motor-driven front-back and left-right alignment of sample strips |
| Dimensions | 1000*700*1320mm |
| Flame height | adjustable from 20mm to 175mm according to standard requirements |
| Flow meter | uses standard 105ml/min |
| Power | 220V, 50HV, 1 phase |
Frequently Asked Questions
Q1: What is the difference between UL94 horizontal and vertical flame tests?
A: The horizontal test (HB) measures burning rate along a horizontally mounted specimen, while the vertical test (V‑0/V‑1/V‑2) evaluates self‑extinguishing capability and flaming drip behavior on a vertically clamped specimen. UnitedTest's combined UL94 horizontal vertical flame tester performs both methods.
Q2: What gas does the UL94 flame tester use?
A: The standard requires ≥98% methane; however, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) can be used for routine testing, with methane reserved for arbitration testing .
Q3: What warranty and after-sales support do you offer for UL94 flame test chamber?
A: 12-month full machine warranty starting from delivery date, free spare parts replacement for inherent equipment defects; lifelong online technical training, remote fault diagnosis and instrument calibration guidance.
Q4: How is the flame calibrated?
A: Using a K‑type thermocouple and copper calibration block, the flame temperature must rise from 100 °C to 700 °C within 44±2 s (for 50W) or 54±2 s (for 500W), complying with ASTM D5207 and IEC 60695‑11‑3.
Q5: Does UnitedTest provide installation and training?
A: Yes. As a professional UL94 test machine manufacturer, UnitedTest provides overseas installation, operator training, annual calibration service, and spare parts support.
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