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Home >> Application >> By Standard >> ASTM >> ASTM D >> ASTM D1599 Pipe short-time hydraulic burst pressure test

ASTM D1599 Pipe short-time hydraulic burst pressure test

ASTM D1599 Standard | Short-Time Hydraulic Burst Test Machine for Plastic Pipe, Tubing & Fittings | UnitedTest

As a professional testing equipment manufacturer, UnitedTest develops and supplies fully ASTM D1599-compliant hydraulic burst testing machines dedicated to plastic piping and matching fittings.

ASTM D1599 Standard Test Method for Resistance to Short-Time Hydraulic Pressure of Plastic Pipe, Tubing, and Fittings specifies uniform laboratory procedures to measure the short-time hydraulic burst failure pressure of plastic pipes, small tubing and pipe fittings.

The entire ASTM D1599 test cycle normally finishes within 60 to 70 seconds, delivering fast, repeatable burst strength data ideal for production line quality control and preliminary short-term structural design verification of plastic piping products.

Our UnitedTest short-time hydraulic pressure tester features stable rapid pressurization, real-time peak pressure recording and automatic test stop upon specimen rupture. It fully meets all loading, timing and measurement requirements laid out in ASTM D1599, serving plastic pipe manufacturers, incoming QC labs and pipeline component R&D teams worldwide.

ASTM D1599 Test Principle:

The test is based on the short-term hydrostatic burst theory, where a rapid, uniform pressure ramp simulates extreme short-term loading conditions. By controlling the pressure increase rate to achieve rupture within 60–70 s, the test isolates the material’s short-term strength and manufacturing quality, avoiding creep effects that dominate long-term tests like ASTM D1598. Failure modes include rupture, seepage, or ballooning, which help identify material or production flaws.

Test Methods:

ASTM D1599 specifies two core procedures tailored to different testing objectives:

Procedure	Purpose	Key Requirement
A	Determine the burst pressure and failure mode	Pressure increases uniformly until rupture, with failure time between 60–70 s; if <60 s, reduce loading rate and retest
B	Verify compliance with a minimum burst pressure requirement	Pressure ramps to reach/exceed the minimum burst pressure within 60–70 s; no rupture at the specified pressure indicates a pass

Test Procedures:

The step-by-step workflow ensures repeatability and accuracy:

Specimen Preparation: Cut to required length, deburr, inspect for defects.

Conditioning: Place in a temperature-controlled bath for ≥1 h (liquid) or ≥16 h (gas) to reach the test temperature.

Deaeration & Filling: Fill the specimen with deaerated water; purge air to avoid trapped gas.

Sealing: Attach end closures without stress concentrations.

Pressure Ramp: Increase pressure uniformly (1–2 MPa/s) until failure (Procedure A) or until the minimum burst pressure is reached (Procedure B).

Data Recording: Document burst pressure, time-to-failure, and failure mode.

Result Validation: Ensure failure time is 60–70 s; repeat if outside this range.

Key Distinction from ASTM D1598:

Feature	ASTM D1599 (Short-Time)	ASTM D1598 (Long-Term)
Purpose	Measure ultimate burst strength.	Measure time to failure under constant pressure.
Test Type	Constant rate of pressure increase.	Constant internal pressure held.
Duration	Seconds to minutes.	Hours to years (10,000+ hrs).
Primary Output	Failure Pressure (psi, kPa).	Time-to-Failure at a given stress.
Main Use	Quality Control, lot acceptance.	Long-term rating, HDB determination.
Analogy	A sprint - testing maximum speed.	A marathon - testing endurance over time.

Keywords: UnitedTest ASTM D1599 tester, ASTM D1599 short-time hydraulic burst pressure test machine, plastic pipe tubing fitting burst strength testing equipment, 60–70 second short-cycle plastic pipe burst test, plastic piping short-term hydraulic resistance measurement, ASTM D1599 quality control burst tester, plastic fitting fast hydraulic pressure inspection

Related products and device

ASTM D1599 Pipe Burst Pressure Testing Machine

hydrostatic pressure testing machine is designed according to ISO 1167, ASTM D1598, ASTM D1599. Under a stipulated constant hydrostatic pressure force, keeping provision time; or inside the pipe, apply a constant and rapid hydraulic pressure to make the specimen broken in a short period time, check the max. pressure force, then calculate the ring stress.

ASTM D1599 Hydrostatic burst pressure constant temperature tank

Constant temperature water tank is a crucial piece of equipment for hydrostatic pressure tests, particularly for long-term and burst tests. It is designed to maintain a constant pressure and temperature during testing, which is essential for accurately assessing the strength and durability of pipe.

ASTM D1599 End cap of pipe burst pressure test

Stainless Steel End Caps For Pipe Hydrostatic Pressure and Burst Testing are designed for internal hydrostatic pressure testing of pipes and fittings. It is used to seal the sample in order to generate internal pressure in the sample, with the characters: ISO 1167 Type A structure.

Related Standard

ASTM D1598 test for long-term hydrostatic pressure of plastic pipe –

ASTM D1598 Standard Test Method for Time-to-Failure of Plastic Pipe Under Constant Internal Pressure. It is a fundamental test method used to determine the long-term hydrostatic strength and resistance of thermoplastic pipe by applying a constant internal pressure until the pipe specimen fails (ruptures). Which is critical for establishing hydrostatic design basis and ensuring long-term pipeline reliability.

ISO 1167 Thermoplastics pipes resistance to internal pressure test –

ISO 1167: 2006 Thermoplastics pipes, fittings and assemblies for the conveyance of fluids -- Determination of the resistance to internal pressure.

ISO 1167 test method specifies a general test method for determining the resistance to internal hydrostatic pressure at a given temperature of thermoplastics pipes, fittings and piping systems for the transport of fluids. The method accommodates water-in-water, water-in-air and water-in-liquid tests. It defines uniform hydrostatic pressure testing to evaluate short-term and long-term pressure-bearing durability of thermoplastic fluid-transport piping systems.

Hydrostatic pressure testing is a valuable method for assessing the strength and integrity of pressurized systems, ensuring that they can meet operational demands without failure. Hydrostatic pressure testing can evaluate these items by filling pipelines, tanks, or containers with water before pressure is applied to detect any potential leaks or issues.

Hydrostatic pressure tester is critical across multiple industries, from pipeline engineering to industrial piping. It helps prevent costly failures or leaks by verifying whether the system can safely reach the specified pressure levels.

ISO 9080 Long Term Hydrostatic Pressure Test for Thermoplastic Pipe testing –

ISO 9080:2012 Plastics piping and ducting systems — Determination of the long-term hydrostatic strength of thermoplastics materials in pipe form by extrapolation.

The damage of PE-HD pipes is related to temperature, load size, and load duration. An increase in working pressure or working temperature can lead to a decrease in pipe damage time, that is, a shortened service life of the pipe. PE HD pipelines generally require a service life of 50 years or more, and current standards extrapolate the ability of pipes to withstand static hydraulic pressure for decades or even 100 years of use through shorter tests. The two standard systems of ISO and the United States have similar methods for predicting the long-term strength of PE-HD pipelines, both of which predict the long-term static water strength of pipes through hydrostatic testing. However, the theoretical basis of the two methods is slightly different.

ASTM D1598, D1599 Plastic Pipe Constant or short time pressure testing methods –

ASTM D1598: Standard Test Method for Time-to-Failure of Plastic Pipe Under Constant Internal Pressure.

ASTM D1598 test method covers the determination of the time-to-failure of both thermoplastic and reinforced thermosetting/resin pipe under constant internal pressure.This test method provides a method of characterizing plastics in the form of pipe under the conditions prescribed.

ASTM D1599: Standard Test Method for Resistance to Short-Time Hydraulic Pressure of Plastic Pipe, Tubing, and Fittings.

ASTM D1599 test method establishes the short-time hydraulic failure pressure of thermoplastic or reinforced thermosetting resin pipe, tubing, or fittings. Data obtained by this test method are of use only in predicting the behavior of pipe, tubing, and fittings under conditions of temperature, time, method of loading, and hoop stress similar to those used in the actual test. They are generally not indicative of the long-term strength of thermoplastic or reinforced thermosetting resin pipe, tubing, and fittings

ASTM F714 PE Pipe Specification (Pressure test, Apparent Tensil test, MFI) –

ASTM F714 Standard Specification for Polyethylene (PE) Plastic Pipe (DR-PR) Based on Outside Diameter.

ASTM F714 is a standard specification for polyethylene (PE) plastic pipe (DR - PR) based on outside diameter, which specifies multiple tests covering dimensional inspection, material property tests, and pressure performance tests to ensure the quality and reliability of PE pipes.

ISO 4437-1 Tensile, Hydrostatic pressure test for Plastics PE piping systems for the supply of gaseous fuels –

ISO 4437-1:2024 Plastics piping systems for the supply of gaseous fuels — Polyethylene (PE) Part 1: General

ISO 4437-1:2014 specifies the general properties of polyethylene (PE) compounds for the manufacture of pipes and fittings intended to be used for the supply of gaseous fuels. It also specifies the test parameters for the test methods referred to in this International Standard.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) About ASTM D1599 - Short-Time Hydraulic Pressure Test

Q1: How is ASTM D1599 different from ASTM D1598? Aren't they both pressure tests?

A: This is the most crucial distinction. They are fundamentally different:

ASTM D1599 (Short-Time): A "sprint." Pressure is increased rapidly until the pipe bursts, typically in 60-70 seconds. The result is a burst pressure (e.g., 800 psi). It measures ultimate strength.

ASTM D1598 (Long-Term): A "marathon." A constant, lower pressure is applied and held for hundreds or thousands of hours until failure. The result is a time-to-failure. It measures endurance and creep resistance.

They test different material properties and are used for completely different purposes.

Q2: Why is a short-term burst test important if pipes are designed for 50-year life?

A: While long-term strength (from D1598) governs design, the short-term burst test (D1599) is vital for:

Quality Assurance: It catches major manufacturing defects (e.g., thin walls, poor fusion, material contamination) instantly.

Safety Margin: It verifies the inherent, immediate strength of the pipe, ensuring it can handle surge pressures, water hammer, and installation stresses that far exceed the steady operating pressure.

Installation Confidence: It assures contractors that the pipe won't fail during pressure testing of the newly installed system.

Q3: Can ASTM D1599 be used on pipe fittings?

A: Yes, absolutely. This is one of its key strengths. The standard explicitly includes procedures for testing full fittings (tees, elbows, couplings). The fitting is assembled with pipe segments, pressurized, and its failure pressure is recorded. This tests the integrity of the fitting itself and its joint.

Q4: What is a typical failure mode in this test?

A: For quality pipe, failure is usually a rapid, ductile burst—a longitudinal split or a "blow-out." The location of the failure can be informative:

Random location: Indicates consistent material and manufacturing.

Always at a fitting/joint: Indicates a joint design or assembly issue.

At a visible defect (scratch, inclusion): Indicates a handling or material quality problem.

Q5: Why is the test duration strictly limited to 60–70 seconds?

A: The 60–70 second window is critical to eliminate the influence of creep deformation (a slow material failure mode under long-term stress). By controlling the pressure ramp rate to achieve rupture within this narrow time frame, the test isolates the pipe’s short-term tensile strength and manufacturing defects—rather than long-term material degradation. If failure occurs outside 60–70 seconds, the loading rate must be adjusted and the test repeated to ensure valid results.

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