Information on the most widely used ASTM standards within the materials testing industry
Model: UT2026B; ISO 845, ASTM D1622
Analytical density balance is a precise measuring instrument that uses Archimedes' principle. It's mainly used to measure the density of solids, liquids, floating objects, or irregularly shaped items and is applied in fields like electronics, rubber, chemical industry, and research. Its core components include a high-precision electromagnetic force balance sensor and a digital measurement system. It can automatically show the density value, supports temperature compensation, and the measurement accuracy can reach 0.001 g/cm³.
Main standard:
ISO 845 Cellular plastics and rubbers - Determination of apparent density
ASTM D1622Standard Test Method for Apparent Density of Rigid Cellular Plastics
General introduction
Analytical density balance is a precise measuring instrument that uses Archimedes' principle. It's mainly used to measure the density of solids, liquids, floating objects, or irregularly shaped items and is applied in fields like electronics, rubber, chemical industry, and research. Its core components include a high-precision electromagnetic force balance sensor and a digital measurement system. It can automatically show the density value, supports temperature compensation, and the measurement accuracy can reach 0.001 g/cm³.
Test principle:
The working principle of a density balance is based on Archimedes' principle, which states that the buoyant force on an object submerged in a liquid is equal to the weight of the liquid it displaces. By measuring a substance's mass in air and in a liquid of known density (usually water), you can calculate the density using a formula.
For measuring solid density, the formula is ρ = m1 / (m1 - m2) × ρ0, where m1 is the mass of the object in air, m2 is the mass of the object when submerged in the liquid, and ρ0 is the density of the liquid. For liquid density measurement, you can determine the density by measuring the mass difference of a standard weight with known volume in air and in the liquid being tested.
Modern electronic density balances combine Archimedes' principle with microelectronics technology. They come with built-in calculation programs, allowing you to read the density directly on the display without any manual conversion.
Main standard:
ISO 845 Cellular plastics and rubbers - Determination of apparent density
ASTM D1622 Standard Test Method for Apparent Density of Rigid Cellular Plastics
Whether you are buying precious metals such as gold, selling or producing jewelry, or making metal, or recycling used metals, you need a quick way to determine the percentage purity, as well as precious and non-precious metals, with extreme precision. The first time, in order to effectively control product quality, set a reasonable price.
Applicable to: jewelry industry, banking, pawnshop, gold and precious metals research laboratory
Principle: Accurate and fast reading of gold (k number), density and purity % according to the Archimedes principle buoyancy method. Regardless of any unknown metal species, the operator does not have to choose a test template, and the software intelligence matches the best calculation method to test unknown metals quickly, accurately and without damage.
| Test item | Function display |
| D-G pure gold test | Gold percentage / K value / density value / volume |
| D-K K gold test | K-1 gold + copper / K-2 gold + copper + silver / K-3 gold + silver / density / pure gold percentage / volume) |
| D-P Platinum (Pt) value determination | P-1 Platinum + Nickel / P-2 Platinum + Palladium / Density / Volume |
| D-A any metal density test | density volume |
Key Features
1. Quick and accurate determination of precious metal purity % and gold K number: only two weighing steps are required.
2. No traces and contamination will be left after the measurement, no need to use sulfuric acid solution or test standard samples.
3. It is also easy to determine the Brazilian fire gold with a coating thickness of >30μm or more.
4, special software design, can directly display the gold K number (including gold, copper, silver, gold and silver, gold and copper), gold purity% (including gold, copper, silver, gold and silver, gold and copper)
5, with upper and lower limit function, wide K number range from 1K to 24K can be freely set HI and LO data.
6, with a mixture ratio function, can test other precious metals. Such as: platinum, silver, palladium, copper, enamel, etc.
7. Adopt large sink design to reduce the error caused by the buoyancy of the hanging bar line.
8, can not test the sample with gems, hollow. Can be used as a general balance
The working principle of a density balance is based on Archimedes' principle, which states that the buoyant force on an object submerged in a liquid is equal to the weight of the liquid it displaces. By measuring a substance's mass in air and in a liquid of known density (usually water), you can calculate the density using a formula.
For measuring solid density, the formula is ρ = m1 / (m1 - m2) × ρ0, where m1 is the mass of the object in air, m2 is the mass of the object when submerged in the liquid, and ρ0 is the density of the liquid. For liquid density measurement, you can determine the density by measuring the mass difference of a standard weight with known volume in air and in the liquid being tested.
Modern electronic density balances combine Archimedes' principle with microelectronics technology. They come with built-in calculation programs, allowing you to read the density directly on the display without any manual conversion.
1 Put the sample into the measuring table, measure the weight in the air, and press the button to remember.
2 completely immerse the sample in water, measure the weight of the water, press the key memory, and directly display the density value.
ISO 845 Cellular plastics and rubbers - Determination of apparent density
GB/T 6343 Cellular plastics and rubbers - Determination of apparent density
ASTM D1622 Standard Test Method for Apparent Density of Rigid Cellular Plastics
ISO 1183-2 Plastics. Methods for determining the density of non-cellular plastics-Density gradient column method
JIS K 7112 Plastics -- Methods of determining the density and relative density of non-cellular plastics
A density balance mainly consists of the electronic balance main unit, density measurement accessories (like the measuring platform, beaker, hanger, specific gravity bottle, etc.), and a data processing system. The electronic balance handles precise weighing, while the accessories are designed depending on whether the object to be measured is solid or liquid. The data processing system automatically calculates the density based on the weighing results. The working principle of a density balance is based on Archimedes’ principle (the buoyant force on an object submerged in a liquid equals the weight of the liquid displaced). By measuring the mass of a substance in air and its mass in a liquid of known density (usually water), the density is calculated using a formula.
The specific structural components include operation keys, a display screen, a glass door unlock pen, a hook hole for hanging weights and a lower weighing hook (at the bottom of the balance), leveling feet, draft shield, glass door lock, test rack, C-shaped bracket, U-shaped beaker, platform, fixing ring, level bubble, RS232 interface, USB interface (optional), and a power adapter socket.
Density balances are widely used in the industrial field, covering industries like electronics, rubber, plastics, wires and cables, food and beverages, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, automotive, machining, and powder metallurgy.
In research and education, density balances are important tools for university labs and research institutions for material science studies, quality management, and formula development.
This instrument can directly measure the density of various forms of substances, including irregular solids, particles, films, floats, powders, viscous materials, and sponges.
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Main Technical Specification
| Model | UT2026B |
| Scale range | 0.001g-300g |
| Accuracy | 0.001g/cm3 |
| porosity accuracy | 0.1% |
| water absorption | 0.1% |
| Density measurement range | 0.001-99.999g/cm3 |
| Test take time | About 5 seconds |
| Package size | 435*200*380mm, 3kg |
| Printer package | 250*220*135mm, 1.2kg |
Standard
ISO 845 Cellular plastics and rubbers — Determination of apparent density
ISO 845 specifies a standard laboratory test method to measure apparent overall density and apparent core density for cellular (foamed) plastics and rubbers. Apparent overall density includes mould‑formed surface skins; apparent core density is measured after removing all mould‑formed skins. The “overall density” term does not apply if the material has no mould‑generated skin.
ASTM D1622 Standard Test Method for Apparent Density of Rigid Cellular Plastics.
ASTM D1622 defines laboratory procedures for measuring apparent overall density and apparent core density of rigid cellular plastics (rigid foams). Apparent overall density includes mould‑formed outer skins; apparent core density is measured after removing all manufacturing‑formed skins. This standard is noted as equivalent to ISO 845, yet it applies only to rigid cellular plastics (not flexible cellular rubbers) and contains special provisions for spray‑applied foam materials.
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