Information on the most widely used ASTM standards within the materials testing industry
ASTM D5748, BS EN 14477
Flexible packaging material puncture resistance test fixture are used to determine the puncture or rupture characteristics of a material. This is generally a compressive test where a material is compressed by a probe or other type of device until the material ruptures or until an elongation limit is achieved.
Conform with ASTM D5748, Standard Test Method for Protrusion Puncture Resistance of Stretch Wrap Film
ASTM F1306: Standard Test Method for Slow Rate Penetration Resistance of Flexible Barrier Films and Laminates
General introduction
Flexible packaging material puncture resistance test fixture are used to determine the puncture or rupture characteristics of a material. This is generally a compressive test where a material is compressed by a probe or other type of device until the material ruptures or until an elongation limit is achieved.
Puncture testing is commonly used to determine the strength of a material such as film, rubber or membrane. It is also often used in the food processing industry to determine the texture of ripeness of a product. Puncture testing may be used in medical applications for determining the sharpness of a syringe, scalpel or blade or to measure the resistance and pliability of synthetic skin.
Probe size: A hemispherical probe with a recommended diameter of 3.2 mm (biaxial stress) is generally used to make material testing comparable to the standard.
Conform with ASTM D5748, Standard Test Method for Protrusion Puncture Resistance of Stretch Wrap Film
ASTM F1306: Standard Test Method for Slow Rate Penetration Resistance of Flexible Barrier Films and Laminates
EN 14477 describes a test method of determining the puncture resistance of flexible packaging materials, including multilayer flexible packaging materials. It's similar with ASTM F1306, but the ASTM F1306 penetration probe is 3.2mm diameter.
Test apparatus:
Force testing stand capable of fixed speeds of 1, 5, 10, 50 or 100 mm/min.
Compression Load cell with fixture to hold the penetration probe.
0.8 mm diameter penetration probe made of hardened steel with rounded tip of radius of 0.4mm.
Sample holder to secure sample in place during the test.
Software to control stand movement, capture force and displacement data, calculate, store and report results
Preparation
A minimum of 10 specimens shall be taken, evenly spaced across the reel or sheet being tested.
Samples should be conditioned at (23 ± 2)°C and (50 ± 5)% RH for 48 hours before testing. The test shall be carried out at the same conditions.
Test method
A pre-conditioned sample is clamped into the sample holder
The compression loadcell reading is zeroed before the probe touches the sample.
The probe is driven through the sample at a constant speed of 1, 5, 10, 50, or 100 mm/min.
The peak force in N is recorded along with the elongation in mm.
For the determination of energy, the integral below the curve of force and elongation shall be calculated.
The mean values and standard deviation of the values shall be calculated.
The test report shall include:
Date and place of testing
Description of the material being tested
Indication of which side of the specimen is being tested
The speed of the probe
Force at break in N. elongation in mm and energy in mJ
Any unusual features noted during the measurement
Any deviation from the method

Standard
ASTM D5748 determine the resistance of stretch wrap / stretch film to penetration by a probe under a controlled, low-rate (quasi-static) single-velocity condition, while the film is clamped so it develops biaxial stress — the stress state most representative of real-world end use.
ASTM F1306 Slow Rate Penetration Resistance of Flexible Barrier Films and Laminates
ASTM F1306 describes a method with very similar objectives for measurement of flexible barrier films and laminates. It uses an indenter with a tip radius of 1.6 mm and a conical shaft with a 6° angle. The test is performed on a film strip, which is fastened over an opening with a 35 mm diameter.
ASTM D4833 determining the index puncture resistance of geomembranes and related geosynthetic products, providing a repeatable laboratory index for material comparison and quality control.
ISO 12236 puncture test (CBR test) is the principal international standard for measuring the static puncture resistance of geosynthetics using a 50-mm plunger. Its results are a key indicator of a material's performance in applications requiring resistance to localized, sustained pressure.
ASTM D6241 Standard Test Method for Static Puncture Index Strength of Geotextiles and Geotextile-Related Products Using a 50 mm Probe.
Puncture resistance is a critical property of geotextiles used in various civil engineering applications, such as soil reinforcement, erosion control, and drainage systems. ASTM D6241 is an index test method for measuring the static puncture strength of geotextiles and geosynthetic - related products using a 50 - mm diameter cylindrical probe, also known as the CBR (California Bearing Ratio) puncture test, which is widely used for product acceptance testing and engineering quality control.
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