Information on the most widely used ASTM standards within the materials testing industry
ASTM D695
ASTM D695 Compression Testing fixture Rigid Plastics is used to
determine the compressive strength of rigid unreinforced and reinforced
plastic, including high-modulus composites, through a process of
straining and loading the plastic at relatively low rates of strain. It
enables replication of application-specific conditions. The compressive
property information provides a standard and consistent means to compare
materials for research and development, quality control, acceptance or
rejection under specifications, and other material evaluation processes.
Critical
compressive properties include modulus of elasticity, yield stress,
deformation beyond yield point, and compressive strength (unless the
material merely flattens but does not fracture). According to ASTM D695,
the specimen is placed between compressive plates parallel to the
specimen surface, and compressed along its major axis at constant rate
of displacement until the specimen fractures or until the load or the
decrease in length reaches a predetermined value. An extensometer
attached to the fixture is used to determine the modulus of elasticity.
When performing compression testing, it has been found that specimen
alignment plays an important role in achieving even load distribution,
which contributes to the consistency of the results.
General introduction
ASTM D695 Compression Testing fixture Rigid Plastics is used to determine the compressive strength of rigid unreinforced and reinforced plastic, including high-modulus composites, through a process of straining and loading the plastic at relatively low rates of strain. It enables replication of application-specific conditions. The compressive property information provides a standard and consistent means to compare materials for research and development, quality control, acceptance or rejection under specifications, and other material evaluation processes.
Critical compressive properties include modulus of elasticity, yield stress, deformation beyond yield point, and compressive strength (unless the material merely flattens but does not fracture). According to ASTM D695, the specimen is placed between compressive plates parallel to the specimen surface, and compressed along its major axis at constant rate of displacement until the specimen fractures or until the load or the decrease in length reaches a predetermined value. An extensometer attached to the fixture is used to determine the modulus of elasticity. When performing compression testing, it has been found that specimen alignment plays an important role in achieving even load distribution, which contributes to the consistency of the results.
Specimen size:
Specimens can either be blocks or cylinders. For ASTM, the typical blocks are 12.7 x 12.7 x 25.4mm (½ by ½ by 1 in). and the cylinders are 12.7mm (½ in) in diameter and 25.4mm (1 in) long. For ISO, the preferred specimens are 50 x 10 x 4mm for modulus and 10 x 10 x 4mm for strength.
The standard specimen for strength determination is a right cylinder or prism whose length is twice its principal width or diameter. If the specimen is too thin, an anti-buckling support jig should be used to prevent the specimen from buckling.
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Specification
Specimen size:
Specimens can either be blocks or
cylinders. For ASTM, the typical blocks are 12.7 x 12.7 x 25.4mm (½ by ½
by 1 in).
and the cylinders are 12.7mm (½ in) in diameter and 25.4mm (1 in) long.
For ISO, the preferred specimens are 50 x 10 x 4mm for modulus and 10 x 10 x 4mm for strength.
Standard
ASTM D695: Standard Test Method for Compressive Properties of Rigid Plastics
ASTM D695 test covers the determination of the mechanical properties of unreinforced and reinforced rigid plastics, including high-modulus composites, when loaded in compression at relatively low uniform rates of straining or loading. Test specimens of standard shape are employed. This procedure is applicable for a composite modulus up to and including 41,370 MPa (6,000,000 psi). It is technically equivalent to ISO 604 Plastics‑Determination of Compressive Properties. This test applies end‑loading compression on standard‑geometry specimens under controlled environmental and displacement‑rate conditions, delivering compressive strength, yield strength, offset yield strength, compressive elastic modulus, and compressive deformation data.
ISO 604 specifies a method for determining the compressive properties of plastics under defined conditions. It is used to investigate the compressive behavior of test specimens and to determine key mechanical properties such as compressive strength, compressive modulus, and other aspects of the compressive stress/strain relationship. Specimen length is adjusted to avoid buckling that would distort results.
ISO 844 Rigid cellular plastics — Determination of compression properties.
ISO 844 unified test methods to measure core compressive mechanical properties of rigid closed/open-cell foam plastics, eliminating inconsistent test data across laboratories and enabling global material comparison. Can obtain four key compressive indicators: compressive strength, corresponding relative deformation, compressive stress at 10% nominal deformation, and compressive elastic modulus.
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