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ISO 3342 Tensile Test of Textile Glass Fiber Mats

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ISO 3342 Textile glass - Mats - Determination of tensile breaking force

ISO 3342 specifies a standardized method for measuring the tensile breaking force of textile glass mats. It is primarily intended for chopped-strand mats but is also applicable to certain types of continuous-strand mats, usually those for pultrusion processes.


Specific Test Method & Principle:

A pre-conditioned test specimen of standard dimensions is subjected to tension by a suitable mechanical device until it ruptures. The maximum force recorded during this test is the tensile breaking force. The standard notes that results can vary significantly between tests on rolls of mat versus mat prior to winding; this standard describes the procedure for testing rolls of mat.

Method Type: Uniaxial tensile test under constant rate of extension (CRE).

Loading Mode: Axial tension until specimen fracture; record the maximum force (breaking force) at failure.

ISO 3342 Tensile Test of Textile Glass Fiber MatsISO 3342 Tensile Test of Textile Glass Fiber Mats


Test Equipment of ISO 3342 Textile glass fiber mat tensile test: 

Tensile testing machine: 

CRE Type Preferred, force accuracy within ±1% of true value; low inertia at test speed。

Gauge Length: Initial clamp separation = 200 mm.

Extension Rate: 100 mm/min ± 10 mm/min (standard CRE rate).

Clamp FixturesFlat, parallel-faced clamps; 160 mm width, ≥25 mm depth; uniform pressure across specimen width to prevent slippage; maintain specimen axis alignment with load direction.
Template for cutting specimens

For chopped-strand mat: 150 mm wide and 316 mm long.

For continuous-strand mat for pultrusion: 75 mm wide and 316 mm long.


Test Specimen Information: 

Shape: Rectangular strips.

Dimensions: The standard specimen is 316 mm long. The width is 150 mm for chopped-strand mat and 75 mm for continuous-strand mat. 

Quantity: By default, one determination is based on testing five or more specimens, depending on the mat width. Specimens that break within 10 mm of the clamps or slip are discarded and replaced. 

Preparation: Cut without fraying or damage; condition in standard atmosphere for ≥24 hours before testing.

Orientation: Specimens are cut with their major axis parallel to the longitudinal direction of the mat. For chopped-strand mat, transverse direction specimens (316 mm long across the mat width) may also be cut if required.


Test Procedures:

Adjust the distance between the clamps to a free specimen length of 200 mm.

Set the testing machine speed to a rate of clamp separation of 200 mm/min ± 10 mm/min.

Ensure proper clamp alignment.

Position the specimen in the clamps, aligning its longitudinal axis with the tester's mechanical axis. Tighten the clamps evenly and firmly, applying slight tension to straighten the specimen.

Start the tester and stretch the specimen to rupture.

Record the breaking force in newtons (N).

Discard results from specimens that break within 10 mm of the clamps or slip, and test additional specimens as needed.


Similar test standard:

KS L ISO 3342: Textile glass--Mats--Determination of tensile breaking force.  (Korea standard) 

IS 17302: Textile glass--Mats--Determination of tensile breaking force.  (India standard) 


Related products and device

ISO 3342 Textile Glass Fiber Mats Tensile Testing machine

WDW Series Computer Control Electronic Universal Testing Machine made by UNITEDTEST range from 100N to 600KN load capacity with various models like single columns, table type, door frame type etc., is used to perform tension, compression, flexure/bending, shearing, peeling etc., test for metal and nonmetal specimens.

ISO 3342 Textile glass fiber tensile test grip

Snubbing and Capstan grips are all engineered to perform high strength tensile tests where the test samples are long compared to their cross-sectional area, such as wire, rope and strapping.

Related Standard

ASTM D2256 Thread and Yarn Tensile Testing of Single-Strand String

ASTM D2256 is the standard test method for tensile properties of yarns by the single-strand method. It is the predominant standard used in North America and is technically very similar to ISO 2062. It quantifies breaking force, elongation at break, and derived properties (tenacity, modulus, toughness) under diverse conditions, serving as a benchmark for quality control, product development, and material specification. 

ISO 2062 Textile tensile test: Breaking Force and Elongation of Yarns

ISO 2062 specifies the method for determining the breaking force and elongation at break of textile yarns (single, piled, or cabled) under a constant rate of extension (CRE). It is a fundamental tensile test for yarn quality control.  

The test operates on the principle of applying a constant rate of elongation to a single yarn specimen until it breaks:

A single yarn is securely clamped between two grips at a fixed gauge length.

The lower grip moves downward at a constant speed, stretching the yarn at a rate of 100% per minute of the gauge length.

The machine continuously records the force (load) applied and the corresponding elongation.

The test ends when the yarn breaks. The maximum force recorded is the breaking force, and the stretch at that point is the elongation at break (expressed as a percentage).

FAQs for ISO 3342: Tensile Breaking Force of Textile Glass Mats

Q1: What exactly does the ISO 3342 test measure?

A1: It measures the tensile breaking force of textile glass mats. This is defined as the maximum force (in newtons, N) required to break a standard-sized specimen of the mat when it is pulled in tension until it ruptures.


Q2: Why is this test important for glass fiber mats?

A2:Document Context: The standard itself does not explicitly state the importance.

Additional Knowledge (from general engineering principles): This test is crucial because:

Key Performance Indicator: The tensile breaking force is a fundamental mechanical property. Glass fiber mats are primarily used as reinforcement in composite materials (like fiberglass). This force indicates the mat's inherent strength and its ability to contribute to the overall load-bearing capacity of the final composite part.

Quality Control: It provides manufacturers with a standardized, quantitative method to ensure their mat products consistently meet specified strength requirements from batch to batch.

Material Specification & Selection: It allows engineers and designers to compare different mats objectively and select the appropriate material for applications requiring specific strength, such as in automotive, marine, or construction components.

Process Validation: The results can help validate manufacturing processes (e.g., pultrusion, molding) and ensure the mat will perform as expected during fabrication.


Q3: How is the result calculated and reported?

A3: The tensile breaking force of the mat is calculated as the mean (average) of the individual values obtained from all valid specimens, rounded to the nearest 1 N. The test report must include details like the number of specimens, conditioning atmosphere, type of machine, and the mean breaking force in the longitudinal (and if applicable, transverse) direction.


Q4: What are common pitfalls or reasons for invalid tests?

A4:Specimen Break Location: If the specimen breaks within 10 mm of the clamp jaws, the result is invalid. This usually indicates stress concentration due to improper gripping or clamping pressure.

Specimen Slippage: If the specimen slips in the clamps during the test, the result is invalid.

Improper Conditioning: Not conditioning the specimens as per ISO 291 can lead to non-comparable results.

Incorrect Specimen Orientation: Cutting or testing the specimen in the wrong direction (e.g., testing a continuous-strand mat in the transverse direction, which the standard does not cover) yields irrelevant data.

Machine Calibration: Using a tensile tester that is not calibrated to the required 1% accuracy will produce unreliable force measurements.

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