ISO 1167 Thermoplastics pipes resistance to internal pressure test

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Tensile test evaluates material resistance to stretching, measuring strength/elongation critical for quality control. UnitedTest offers universal tensile testers (10-600KN) compliant with ASTM/ISO standards, providing tailored solutions for metals, polymers, medical & industrial materials.

Compression test assesses material resistance to compressive loads, measuring strength/deformation critical for quality validation. UnitedTest offers compression testing machines compliant with ASTM/ISO standards, providing tailored solutions for concrete, plastics, metals and industrial components.

Flexural & Bend tests evaluate material resistance to bending forces, measuring strength, stiffness and ductility for quality assurance. UnitedTest provides flexural testing machines (3-point/4-point bend) compliant with ASTM/ISO standards, offering tailored solutions for composites, plastics, metals and construction materials.

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Pressure test evaluates material/component resistance to static/dynamic pressure, critical for sealing, strength and safety validation. UnitedTest offers pressure testing machines compliant with ASTM/ISO standards, covering burst, hold-pressure tests, and tailored solutions for industrial, automotive & medical sectors.

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ISO 1167:2006 Standard | Internal Hydrostatic Pressure Test Machine for Thermoplastic Pipes & Fittings | UnitedTest

As a professional testing equipment manufacturer, UnitedTest develops and supplies fully ISO 1167:2006 compliant pipe hydrostatic pressure testers for global plastic pipe factories, third-party certification labs and fluid pipeline R&D centers.

ISO 1167:2006 Thermoplastics pipes, fittings and assemblies for the conveyance of fluids — Determination of the resistance to internal pressure is the universal international general test standard for thermoplastic fluid transport piping systems. It defines standardized lab protocols to measure internal hydrostatic pressure resistance of thermoplastic pipes, matching fittings and complete pipe assemblies under controlled fixed temperatures.

This all-inclusive standard supports three mainstream test medium configurations: water-in-water, water-in-air and water-in-liquid testing setups to fit diverse industry verification demands. The unified hydrostatic pressure testing workflow delivers reliable quantitative data to evaluate both short-term burst performance and long-term creep pressure-bearing durability of thermoplastic piping used for liquid conveyance projects worldwide.

Our UnitedTest hydrostatic pressure test system precisely executes all three ISO 1167 test medium modes, features stable constant pressure maintenance, automatic failure timing recording and multi-station simultaneous testing. It fully complies with all specimen clamping, temperature control, pressurization cycle and data reporting specifications laid out in ISO 1167:2006, also compatible with ASTM D1598 and ASTM D1598 pipe pressure test standards for multi-standard lab compliance.

Four parts of ISO 1167

Part	Title	Scope
ISO 1167-1	General method	Equipment, procedure, pressure calculation, reporting
ISO 1167-2	Preparation of pipe test pieces	Extruded & injection-moulded tubular specimens
ISO 1167-3	Preparation of components	Fittings / valves
ISO 1167-4	Preparation of assemblies	Jointed systems (pipe + fitting)

Core Test Principle

After standardized pre-conditioning, sealed tubular test pieces are filled with water and subjected to constant, controlled internal hydrostatic pressure inside a temperature-stabilized environment (water bath, liquid tank or air oven). The test runs either:

Until the specimen ruptures/leaks, recording failure time and failure mode;

For a specified fixed duration to verify no leakage/burst occurs.

The test correlates circumferential hoop stress inside the pipe with time-to-failure, generating stress-rupture data to quantify material long-term creep resistance under sustained internal pressure. Results can be extrapolated via ISO 9080 to calculate Minimum Required Strength (MRS) for material classification.

Three Specific Test Modes

Variant	Medium Inside	Environment Outside	Typical Use
Water-in-water	Water	Water bath	Most common; best temperature control (±1 °C)
Water-in-air	Water	Air oven (±2 °C)	When liquid immersion is impractical; pipe surface T must be checked
Water-in-liquid	Water	Other liquid	Special cases; safety & chemical interaction precautions needed

Water-in-water in Hydrostatic pressure testing is most common and valuable method for assessing the strength and integrity of pressurized systems, ensuring that they can meet operational demands without failure. Hydrostatic pressure testing can evaluate these items by filling pipelines, tanks, or containers with water before pressure is applied to detect any potential leaks or issues.

Hydrostatic pressure tester is critical across multiple industries, from pipeline engineering to industrial piping. It helps prevent costly failures or leaks by verifying whether the system can safely reach the specified pressure levels.

ISO 1167 Thermoplastics pipes resistance to internal pressure test

Mandatory Test Equipment stipulated in ISO 1167 Thermoplastics pipes resistance to internal pressure test

Recommend UnitedTest HYD Pipe Hydrostatic Pressure Test System is primarily used to simulate the pressure conditions that plastic pipes experience in actual use. Fully meet the ISO 1167 standard. By precisely controlling pressure and temperature, and conducting long-term or short-term tests, it comprehensively evaluates the pipe's pressure resistance, creep resistance, and service life, providing a scientific basis for product quality assessment, production process optimization, and safe usage.

Pressurization system	Gradually applies target pressure within 30 s–1 h, maintains pressure within -2% tolerance for full test duration; supports single or multi-specimen parallel pressurization with isolation valves.
Temperature-controlled Chambers	Water bath: Temperature tolerance ±1 °C; air oven: ±2 °C. For temperatures >100 °C, auxiliary pressure prevents test fluid boiling.
End Caps (Type A / Type B)	Type A: Transmits axial hydrostatic thrust to test pieces; mandatory for long-term strength testing per ISO 9080. (in fig. Left) Type B: Linked external rods absorb axial force, eliminating pipe buckling from thermal expansion; for routine pipe performance screening. (in fig. right with tiebar) All sharp edges contacting pipe outer surface must be rounded.
Measurement tools	Dimension gauges complying with ISO 3126 (Pi-tape for outer diameter, wall thickness micrometres); Calibrated pressure gauges with measuring range covering target test pressure; Temperature sensors; Timer with 0.5% time accuracy, auto-stop function upon specimen leakage/burst.
Supports/hangers	Suspend specimens to avoid contact with tank walls or adjacent samples to prevent result interference.

Test Specimen Requirements

1 Extruded pipe test pieces

Free length l₀ (between end caps): Minimum 3× nominal outer diameter d_n, minimum absolute 250 mm.

Exception for DN >315 mm pipes: Shortened free length allowed to minimum 2×d_n if full length cannot be achieved.

Total length must reserve space for thermal expansion with Type B end caps.

2 Injection-moulded tubular test pieces

Nominal outer diameter range: 25 mm ≤ d_n ≤ 110 mm.

Free length rule: l₀ =3d_n for d_n<50 mm; minimum fixed 140 mm for d_n≥50 mm.

Specimens with longitudinal fusion lines are only recommended for comparative research, not formal material qualification, as moulding parameters heavily influence internal stress distribution.

Standardized Full Test Procedures of ISO 1167 Plastic Pipe Hydrostatic Pressure Test:

Specimen preparation: Cut/machine test pieces following ISO 1167-2/-3/-4, remove all surface grease, dust and contaminants; measure and record all critical dimensions.

End cap assembly & air purging: Mount specified Type A/B end caps, fill specimen with preheated water (temperature ≤ test temperature), fully vent all trapped air inside the tube.

Conditioning: Submerge or place sealed specimens in temperature-controlled environment for the mandatory minimum conditioning time per wall thickness.

Pressurization ramp-up: Connect to pressure equipment, slowly raise pressure to calculated target within 30 s–1 h, reset timer once stable target pressure is achieved.

Constant-pressure holding: Maintain fixed temperature and pressure continuously, observe specimens for leakage/deformation throughout the test.

Test termination:

Stop timer and record elapsed time if rupture/leakage occurs; document failure location and mode (brittle/ductile).

Terminate test once the specified required holding duration completes with zero leakage.

Industrial Application Fields

ISO 1167 testing is the universal qualification benchmark for the global thermoplastic piping industry, covering:

Municipal water supply & drainage: PE, PP, PVC-U, PVC-O pressure pipes for potable water, sewage transport;

Building plumbing: Domestic hot/cold water plastic pipes and injection-moulded fittings (elbows, tees, couplings);

Industrial fluid conveyance: Chemical-resistant thermoplastic pipelines for low-pressure industrial liquid media;

Irrigation & agricultural piping: Pressure-rated plastic irrigation tubing;

Raw material R&D: Lab evaluation of new thermoplastic pipe compounds via injection-moulded tubular test pieces to predict long-term service performance;

Third-party certification: Mandatory test for product compliance with regional plastic pipe standards (EN, GB, ASTM equivalent harmonized standards).

ISO 1167 Thermoplastics pipes resistance to internal pressure test

Related Standard:

ISO 1167	Thermoplastics pipes, fittings and assemblies for the conveyance of fluids - Determination of the resistance to internal pressure
ASTM D1598	Standard Test Method for Time-to-Failure of Plastic Pipe Under Constant Internal Pressure
ASTM D1599	Standard Test Method for Resistance to Short-Time Hydraulic Pressure of Plastic Pipe, Tubing, and Fittings.
DIN 16887	Determination of the long-term hydrostatic pressure resistance of thermoplastics pipes
GB/T 6111	Thermoplastics piping systems for the conveyance of fluids—Determination of the resistance to internal pressure
GB/T 15560	Standard test method for short-time hydraulic failure and resistance to constant internal pressure of the plastics pipes for the transport of fluids
ASTM D2837	Standard Test Method for Obtaining Hydrostatic Design Basis (HDB) for Thermoplastic Pipe Materials.
ISO 9080	Long-term hydrostatic strength extrapolation of thermoplastic pipe materials. ISO 1167 generates raw stress-rupture test data that ISO 9080 uses to extrapolate 50-year service strength and calculate MRS values.
GB/T 18252	Plastics piping and ducting systems — Determination of the long-term hydrostatic strength of thermoplastics materials in pipe form by extrapolation

Keywords: UnitedTest ISO 1167 hydrostatic pressure tester, ISO 1167:2006 thermoplastic pipe internal pressure test machine, fluid conveyance pipe hydrostatic resistance testing equipment, multi-medium water-in-water water-in-air pipe tester, thermoplastic pipe fitting assembly internal hydrostatic pressure measurement, short-term & long-term pipe pressure durability test, ISO 1167 three test medium methods, plastic fluid pipeline creep resistance inspection, EN ISO 1167 certified hydrostatic test bench

hydrostatic pressure testing machine is designed according to ISO 1167, ASTM D1598, ASTM D1599. Under a stipulated constant hydrostatic pressure force, keeping provision time; or inside the pipe, apply a constant and rapid hydraulic pressure to make the specimen broken in a short period time, check the max. pressure force, then calculate the ring stress.

Constant temperature water tank is a crucial piece of equipment for hydrostatic pressure tests, particularly for long-term and burst tests. It is designed to maintain a constant pressure and temperature during testing, which is essential for accurately assessing the strength and durability of pipe.

Stainless Steel End Caps For Pipe Hydrostatic Pressure and Burst Testing are designed for internal hydrostatic pressure testing of pipes and fittings. It is used to seal the sample in order to generate internal pressure in the sample, with the characters: ISO 1167 Type A structure.

Q1: What is ISO 1167 overall, and what does it test?

A1: ISO 1167 is a 4-part international standard series developed by ISO/TC138/SC5, full title Thermoplastics pipes, fittings and assemblies for the conveyance of fluids — Determination of the resistance to internal pressure. It standardizes hydrostatic pressure testing for thermoplastic piping products (PE, PP-R, PVC-U, etc.) to measure their short-term and long-term resistance to sustained internal water pressure under controlled temperatures.

Q2: Why do plastic pipes need to execute the hydrostatic pressure testing?

A2: If plastic pipes are not made properly, hydrostatic pressure can cause them to burst. To determine the resistance of thermoplastic pipes, a hydrostatic pressure testing system subjects the pipes to constant internal water pressure at a constant temperature.

By applying constant pressure inside the pipe and maintaining it for a specified duration (such as 24 hours or longer), the test simulates the stress state under actual working conditions, observing whether any cracking, leakage, or deformation occurs, thus evaluating the material's pressure resistance strength and sealing ability.

There are 6 core critical reasons:

Thermoplastics creep under constant pressure over decades; this test generates stress-time rupture data to quantify long-term ageing performance, avoiding pipeline burst failures in 50+ year service life.

Raw test data is the mandatory input for ISO 9080 extrapolation to calculate MRS (Minimum Required Strength), which defines material grades like PE80/PE100 per ISO 12162.

It acts as mandatory batch quality control: detects defective raw materials, unstable extrusion/injection moulding, or formulation flaws before mass production.

Validates full system safety: not only pipes but also fittings and welded joints, eliminating weak connection points in fluid transport networks.

Global certification baseline: All municipal water, building plumbing and industrial plastic pipe product standards reference ISO 1167 for regulatory compliance.

Uniform cross-lab testing rules enable fair product benchmarking and international trade acceptance without conflicting test results.

Q3: How many test specimens do I need for one test group?

A3: A minimum of three identical test pieces is mandatory unless the referenced product standard specifies a different quantity. All three results must be valid (no premature failure near end caps) to complete the test batch.

Q4: What is the difference between Type A and Type B end caps, and when to use each?

A4: Type A end caps: Rigidly bonded to pipe ends; transfers full axial hydrostatic thrust to the specimen. Mandatory for long-term MRS testing per ISO 9080 material extrapolation.

Type B end caps: Linked by external metal tie rods; absorbs axial force so the pipe does not bear end thrust. Used for routine short-term product qualification, allows thermal expansion movement without pipe buckling.

Critical note: Failure time results will differ between Type A and Type B caps, so end cap type must be clearly recorded in test reports.

Q5: What mandatory equipment tolerances does ISO 1167-1 require?

A5: Pressure holding: Pressure must stay within -2% of target value during full test duration

Temperature: Water bath ±1 °C; air oven ±2 °C

Timer accuracy: Within 0.5% of total test duration

All pressure, temperature and dimension measuring devices must be regularly calibrated with traceable master gauges.

Q6: When is a pipe failure result considered invalid and required to retest?

A6: If rupture, crack or leakage occurs less than 0.1×free length l0 away from either end cap, the result is discarded and a new specimen must be tested. Failures near end caps are caused by clamping stress, not true pipe material pressure resistance.

Q7: What are the two classified failure modes defined in ISO 1167?

A7: Brittle failure: No visible plastic yield deformation at the crack site; micro weeping (tiny water seepage) may appear before cracking. Critical risk for long-term pipeline safety.

Ductile failure: Obvious visible expansion/yield deformation around the burst point without magnification, typical for high-grade PE100 materials at moderate temperatures.

Test reports must clearly record which failure mode occurs for every broken specimen.

Q8: Can I pause and resume a long-term ISO 1167 test if equipment breaks down?

A8: Yes, with strict time limits:

Test duration 500 h ~ 1000 h: Equipment downtime must be ≤ 1 day to resume; downtime hours excluded from valid test time

Test duration over 1000 h: Equipment downtime must be ≤ 3 days to resume

All interruptions, downtime length and equipment faults must be fully documented in the final test report.

Q9: What is the difference between ISO 1167 and ASTM D1598 (US equivalent hydrostatic pipe test)?

A9: Both perform constant internal hydrostatic pressure ageing, but key distinctions:

ISO 1167 splits into four separate parts covering pipes, fittings and assemblies; ASTM D1598 is a single document only for pipe specimens.

ISO 1167 specifies two end cap types with clear axial load rules for long-term MRS testing; ASTM D1598 has simplified end fixture requirements without dedicated Type A/B classification.

ISO 1167 provides standardized pressure calculation formulas based on SDR, nominal or measured dimensions; ASTM D1598 uses separate engineering calculation rules.

ISO 1167 covers injection-moulded tubular material test specimens; ASTM D1598 only tests finished extruded pipes.

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