Information on the most widely used ASTM standards within the materials testing industry
ASTM F714 Standard Specification for Polyethylene (PE) Plastic Pipe (DR-PR) Based on Outside Diameter.
ASTM F714 is a standard specification for polyethylene (PE) plastic pipe (DR - PR) based on outside diameter, which specifies multiple tests covering dimensional inspection, material property tests, and pressure performance tests to ensure the quality and reliability of PE pipes.
Main Test Types and Detailed Information:
ASTM F714 includes dimensional tests, material property tests, short - term pressurization tests, elevated temperature sustained pressure tests, and Apparent tensile test, etc. The core pressure - related tests are detailed as follows, along with other key tests:
| Test Type | Test Methods | Test Stipulation | Test Equipment Required |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dimensional Inspection | ASTM D2122 (Determining Dimensions of Thermoplastic Pipe and Fittings) | 1. Outside diameter (OD): Tolerance complies with standard requirements, and different sizing systems (ISO metric, IPS, DIPS) have corresponding specifications. 2. Wall thickness: Measured at multiple points, with eccentricity (variation in wall thickness) ≤12%. 3. Length: Meet the specified length tolerance | Outside micrometer, caliper, pipe wall thickness gauge, length measuring instrument. |
| Short - Term Pressurization Test | ASTM D1599 (Resistance to Short - Time Hydraulic Pressure of Plastic Pipe, Tubing, and Fittings) | 1. Quick Burst: For density cell 2 materials, the minimum hoop stress is 2520 psi (17.4 MPa); for density cell 3 and 4 materials, it is 2900 psi (20.0 MPa). The pipe is pressurized until it bursts to verify the burst pressure meets the standard. 2. Non - Failure: For density cell 2 materials, the hoop stress is 2500 psi; for density cell 3 and 4 materials, it is 3200 psi. The pipe is pressurized to the test pressure and held for 5 seconds without rupture, leakage, or localized deformation. | Hydraulic pressure testing machine with pressure control and recording functions, pipe end sealing fixtures, pressure gauge (accuracy ≥±1%). |
| Elevated Temperature Sustained Pressure Test | ASTM D1598 (Time - to - Failure of Plastic Pipe Under Constant Internal Pressure) | Test at 80°C (176°F). For example, PE4710 material needs to maintain a stress of 640 psi (4.4 MPa) for 1200 hours without failure. Different PE materials have corresponding stress and time requirements. The test pressure is calculated based on the formula P = 2S/(DR - 1) (S is the hydrostatic design stress, DR is the dimension ratio). | Constant temperature water bath (temperature control accuracy ±1°C), constant pressure pump, pressure transducer, failure - detection system. |
| Material Property | 1. Density: ASTM D792. 2. Melt Index: ASTM D1238. 3. Tensile Strength: ASTM D638. 4. Slow Crack Growth Resistance: ASTM F1473. | 1.Density: Meet the requirements of the corresponding PE material grade (e.g., PE4710 has a density of 0.940-0.960 g/cm³). 2.Melt Index: 0.15-0.40 g/10 min (190°C, 2.16 kg). 3.Tensile Strength: The yield strength and ultimate tensile strength meet the values specified in Table 1 of ASTM F714. 4.Slow Crack Growth Resistance: No failure within the specified time under the test conditions. | Density: Analytical balance, density gradient column. Melt Index: Melt flow rate tester. Tensile: Universal testing machine with a strain rate control function. Slow Crack Growth: Environmental chamber, stress - application device, crack - detection equipment. |
| Apparent Tensile test | ASTM D2290 | Cut specimens from pipe. Test a minimum of five specimens at 73 °F 6 4 °F (23 °C 6 2 °C) without regard to relative humidity. This test is applicable to all pipe of nominal 3 in. (90 mm) outside diameter and larger. | Hoop tensile testing machine |
Sample Information for F714 Compliance:
For a manufacturer to certify pipe to F714, they must have data on:
Raw Material: Certification that the PE compound meets the required cell classification per ASTM D3350, including its established HDB from D2837 testing.
Production Pipe:
Dimensional Testing: Performed regularly during production (e.g., every 2-4 hours) as part of Quality Control (QC). Samples are taken directly from the extrusion line.
Quick Burst Test (ASTM D1599): Often performed as a routine QC test to monitor consistency. It's a short-term failure test, not used for design.
Sustained Pressure Test (ASTM D1598): May be used as a quality assurance test to verify the pressure rating over a shorter duration (e.g., 1000 hours).
Related products and device
Related Standard
ASTM D1599 is titled "Standard Test Method for Resistance to Short-Time Hydraulic Pressure of Plastic Pipe, Tubing, and Fittings." It is a fundamental short-term, destructive pressure test used to determine the ultimate failure pressure (often called the "burst pressure") of thermoplastic pipe, tubing, or fittings under rapidly applied internal pressure at a specified temperature. Typically completed within 60–70 seconds, mainly for quality control and short-term design validation.
ASTM D1598 is a standard test method that determines the time-to-failure of thermoplastic and reinforced thermosetting/resin pipes under constant internal pressure at a controlled temperature, which is critical for establishing hydrostatic design basis and ensuring long-term pipeline reliability.
ISO 1133: Plastics -- Determination of the melt mass-flow rate (MFR) and the melt volume-flow rate (MVR) of thermoplastics.
ISO 1133 standard specifies two procedures for the determination of the melt mass-flow rate (MFR) and the melt volume-flow rate (MVR) of thermoplastic materials under specified conditions of temperature and load. One is a mass-measurement method. The other is a displacement-measurement method. Normally, the test conditions for measurement of melt flow rate are specified in the material standard with a reference to ISO 1133. The test conditions normally used for thermoplastics are listed in annexes.
ASTM D638 : Standard Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics
ASTM D638 specifies methods for testing the tensile strength of plastics and other resin materials and for calculating their mechanical properties, and outlines accuracy requirements for the test frames and accessories used. This test method uses dumbbell-shaped specimens with either a 25 mm or 50 mm gauge length.
ASTM D2290: Standard Test Method for Apparent Hoop Tensile Strength of Plastic or Reinforced Plastic Pipe
This test method covers the determination of the comparative apparent tensile strength of most plastic products utilizing a split disk or ring segment test fixture, when tested under defined conditions of pretreatment, temperature, humidity, and test machine speed. This test method is applicable to reinforced-thermosetting resin pipe regardless of fabrication method. This test method also is applicable to extruded and molded thermoplastic pipe.
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