Information on the most widely used ASTM standards within the materials testing industry
ASTM D4595 Standard Test Method for Tensile Properties of Geotextiles by the Wide-Width Method
ASTM D4595 covers the measurement of tensile properties of geotextiles using a wide-width strip specimen tensile method. This test method is applicable to most geotextiles that include woven fabrics, nonwoven fabrics, layered fabrics, knit fabrics, and felts that are used for geotextile application.
This test method covers the measurement of tensile strength and elongation of geotextiles and includes directions for the calculation of initial modulus, offset modulus, secant modulus, and breaking toughness.
Procedures for measuring the tensile properties of both conditioned and wet geotextiles by the wide-width strip method are included.
It measures the tensile properties of geotextiles using a wide-width strip specimen tensile method. ASTM D4595 is applicable to most geotextiles that include woven fabrics, nonwoven fabrics, layered fabrics, knit fabrics, and felts that are used for geotextile application. The determination of the wide-width strip force elongation properties of geotextiles provides design parameters for reinforcement type applications.
Several types of clamp designs available.
Three basic clamp design examples are shown in Fig. These designs have been used in the laboratory and have provided reproducible tensile strengths. These clamps may be modified to provide greater ease and speed of clamping. In any event, caution must be taken to ensure the type material and dimen-sions of the clamp are adequate for the user’s expected fabric strength. Guidance is given in Table.

Geotextiles are used with foundation, soil, earth, and rock material as an integral part of man-made project, structure, or system. Geotextiles are a permeable geosynthetic comprised solely of textiles. Geotextile materials prevent the erosion of earth and similar substances after the area has been altered due to construction usually pertaining to civil engineering applications such as roads, pavement, bridges, embankments and retaining walls. They allow the passage of water but not soil and other materials.
The ASTM and ISO standards containing these methods are ASTM D4595 for geotextiles, ISO 10319 for geosynthestics, and ISO 10321 for joints and seams in geosynthetic materials. Wide width tensile strip tests typically require test machines with a greater load capacity than standard textile strip tests.
Related Standard
ISO 13934-1:2013 Textiles — Tensile properties of fabrics
ISO 13934-1 provides a testing procedure for determining the tensile properties of fabrics. This standard mainly applies to woven textile fabrics, but can also be applicable to fabrics produced using other techniques. it is not normally applied to woven elastic fabrics, geotextiles, nonwoven fabrics, coated fabrics, textile-glass woven fabrics, fabrics made from carbon fibers, or polyolefin tape yarns. This standard uses a strip method of testing to measure maximum force as well as elongation at maximum force. If required, it also records the force at rupture and elongation. Two sets of specimens are prepared, one in the warp direction and one in the weft direction.
ISO 13934-2 Tensile properties of fabrics (grab method)
ISO 13934-2 specifies a procedure for the determination of the maximum force of textile fabrics known as the grab test. The method is mainly applicable to woven textile fabrics including fabrics which exhibit stretch characteristics imparted by the presence of an elastomeric fibre and mechanical or chemical treatment. It can be applicable to fabrics produced by other techniques.
It is not normally applicable to geotextiles, nonwovens, coated fabrics, textile-glass woven fabrics, and fabrics made from carbon fibres or polyolefin tape yarns. The method specifies the determination of the maximum force of test specimens in equilibrium with the standard atmosphere for testing and of test specimens in the wet state. The method is restricted to the use of constant-rate-of-extension (CRE) testing machines.
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