ASTM A1064 Tension, Bend, Shear test for Steel Wire and Welded Wire Reinforcement, Plain and Deformed

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Tensile test evaluates material resistance to stretching, measuring strength/elongation critical for quality control. UnitedTest offers universal tensile testers (10-600KN) compliant with ASTM/ISO standards, providing tailored solutions for metals, polymers, medical & industrial materials.

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Flexural & Bend tests evaluate material resistance to bending forces, measuring strength, stiffness and ductility for quality assurance. UnitedTest provides flexural testing machines (3-point/4-point bend) compliant with ASTM/ISO standards, offering tailored solutions for composites, plastics, metals and construction materials.

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ASTM A1064/A1064M : Standard Specification for Steel Wire and Welded Wire Reinforcement, Plain and Deformed, for Concrete

ASTM A1064 test standard covers steel wire and welded wire reinforcement produced from hot-rolled rod to be used for the reinforcement of concrete. The steel wire is cold-worked, drawn or rolled, plain (non-deformed, as-drawn or galvanized), or deformed. Welded wire reinforcement is made from plain or deformed wire, or a combination of plain and deformed wire. It specifies four mandatory tests for plain/deformed carbon-steel wire and welded wire reinforcement (WWR) for concrete: Tension Test, Bend Test, Reduction of Area Test, and Weld Shear Strength Test.

UnitedTest supply the testing machine and shear fixture to test the welded wire mesh, steel wire mesh, welded wire fabric such as used for concrete reinforcement.

The concrete construction industry relies on quality steel wire and welded wire reinforcement. The best types of steel wires used in this test by ASTM A1064 include smooth or deformed steel wires that have been cold worked, stretched, or rolled. Welded steel bars can be made of smooth or deformed steel wires.

The recommended diameter range for smooth steel wire by ASTM is 0.080 millimeters [0.005 inches] to 19.2 millimeters [0.757 inches].

The recommended diameter range for deformed steel wire is D1 [0.113 inches] to D45 [0.757 inches] (in imperial units), and MD 25 [5.64 millimeters] to MD 290 [19.2 millimeters] (in metric units).

ASTM A1064 Shear test for Steel Wire and Welded Wire Reinforcement, Plain and Deformed

ASTM A1064 Scope and Material Types:

It categorizes the materials into four main types:

Plain Wire & Welded Plain Wire Reinforcement: Cold-worked, cold-drawn, or rolled smooth wire. The welded intersections provide the primary bond strength for shear resistance.

Deformed Wire & Welded Deformed Wire Reinforcement: Cold-worked wire with indentations or raised ribs. These deformations significantly improve the bond strength with the concrete, providing superior resistance against slipping.

Convoluted Wire: A special type of wire formed into a sinusoidal wave shape, typically used to manufacture cages for concrete pipes.

Main Test Stipulated in the ASTM A1064:

1, Tension Test Applicable to plain wire, deformed wire, and welded wire reinforcement (WWR) to verify tensile strength, yield strength, and mechanical consistency. This test is crucial for determining the strength and ductility of both plain and deformed steel wires.
Sample Information	Full wire sections cut from coil ends (as-drawn/rolled); for WWR, specimens are cut from finished products, with ≥50% of samples across welds (weld at center, transverse wire extending ~1 in. [25 mm] on both sides of the intersection). Length: Sufficient to perform testing per ASTM A370.
Test Method	Conducted per ASTM A370 (Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products). Yield strength measurement: Use extensometer determine by 0.5% gage-length extension under load or 0.2% offset method; extensometer may be removed after yield strength is recorded. Calculations based on nominal cross-sectional area of the wire.
Test Stipulations	1), Plain wire: Meet standard requirement for min tensile/yield strength by grade (65/70/72.5/75/77.5/80). 2), Deformed wire: Meet standard requirement for for min tensile/yield strength (Grades 70/75/77.5/80). 3), WWR: Wire properties shall comply with corresponding wire requirements; tensile tests may be across or between welds.
Test Equipment	Universal testing machine (UTM); Electronic Universal Testing Machine Extensometer (ASTM E83);
2, Bend Test Applicable to plain wire, deformed wire, and WWR to verify ductility and resistance to cracking during cold bending.
Sample Information	Cut from coil ends (wire) or between welds (WWR).
Test Method	1) Plain wire: Bend 180° without cracking on the outer bent surface. 2) Deformed wire: Bend 90° without cracking on the outer bent surface. 3) Pin diameter (d = nominal wire diameter): Plain wire: W7 (MW45) and smaller = 1d; larger than W7 = 2d. Deformed wire: D6 (MD39) and smaller = 2d; larger than D6 = 4d.
Test Stipulations	No cracks or fractures visible on the outer bend surface after bending.
Test Equipment	Universal testing machine (UTM), Electronic Universal Testing Machine with bending test fixtures; Bend test machine.
3, Weld Shear Strength Test Only for welded wire reinforcement (WWR) to verify the shear resistance of welded intersections. It ensures the structural integrity of the welded mesh at the crossing points of the wires.
Sample Information	Sampling location: Full-width sections cut from finished WWR; 4 randomly selected welds per test set. Specimen dimensions: Transverse wire extends ~1 in. (25 mm) on both sides of longitudinal wire; longitudinal wire length sufficient for UTM grips.
Test Method	Performed in a specialized weld shear tester (According ASTM A185). Larger-diameter wire = vertical specimen; horizontal wire supported by anvil to prevent rotation; load applied at ≤100,000 psi/min (689 MPa/min). Initial test: 4 welds; if failed, test all welds on the specimen.
Test Stipulations	Small wire area ≥40% of large wire area: Min average shear = 35,000 × nominal area of larger wire (lbf) or 241 × nominal area of larger wire (N). Deformed WWR (other ratios): Min average shear = 800 lbf (3.6 kN) (small wire ≥D4 [MD26]).
Test Equipment	Universal testing machine (UTM); Electronic Universal Testing Machine. Weld shear test fixtures.

Main application:

Building & Structural Concrete: Slabs, walls, foundations, columns, retaining walls, shear walls, and high‑rise building structures.

Infrastructure Engineering: Roads, bridges, airports, seaports, tunnels, and hydraulic concrete structures.

Precast Concrete Products: Concrete pipes, manholes, box culverts, and precast wall panels; convoluted wire is widely used for concrete‑pipe reinforcement cages.

General Construction: Used as mild‑steel reinforcement in place of traditional rebar for light‑to‑medium loaded concrete members.

Coated & Special Uses: Galvanized plain wire (per ASTM A641) for corrosion‑resistance applications.

By adhering to ASTM A1064, engineers and construction professionals ensure that the steel reinforcement embedded in concrete will perform predictably under stress. It guarantees that the material possesses the right balance of strength, ductility, and surface characteristics (bonding) required to build safe and durable infrastructure, from highways and bridges to residential foundations.

United Test make Universal Testing Machines are known for their long lasting trouble-free performance and highest quality material used in the manufacturing process. The Hydraulic universal testing machine can perform tension, compression, flexure/bending and shearing test for kinds of specimens. Suitable for metal and nonmetal material, such as iron, steel, steel bar, rebar, cement, concrete, rod and so on. Specially design for production, research, student training and industrial laboratory. Available in wide range of loadframe capacities (300kN to 2000kN)/(10Ton to 200Ton) and with combination of control panels (Digital, Computerized) makes United Test product range suitable for every customer requirement.

WDW Series Computer Control Electronic Universal Testing Machine made by UNITEDTEST range from 100N to 600KN load capacity with various models like single columns, table type, door frame type etc., is used to perform tension, compression, flexure/bending, shearing, peeling etc., test for metal and nonmetal specimens.

Tensile Shear Test Fixture Welded wire mesh is designed to determine the shear strength of welds in welded steel bars according to ASTM A185, ISO 15630-2 specifications. suitable for various wire diameters and ensures correct alignment during testing.

Metal Bending & Rebending Testing Machine is used for bending tests of metal materials such as rods, sheets and rebar for construction, and is loaded with two-way hydraulic cylinders, adjusting the roll spacing by hand wheels and being able to lock itself.

Metal bending test fixture used measure the ductility of metallic materials, bent the test specimen to a predetermined angle or until the specimen fractures. Conform with ASTM E290, ISO 7438, and JIS Z2248 standard.

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